M1 protein

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Flu_M1

influenza virus m1 protein

Identifiers

Symbol

Flu_M1

1aa7 / SCOPe / SUPFAM

OPM superfamily

OPM protein

1aa7

Available protein structures:
Pfam	structures / ECOD
PDB	RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum	structure summary

The M1 protein is a matrix protein of the influenza virus. It forms a coat inside the viral envelope. This is a bifunctional membrane/RNA-binding protein that mediates the encapsidation of nucleoprotein cores into the membrane envelope. It is therefore required that M1 binds both membrane and RNA simultaneously.^[1]

The M1 protein binds to the viral RNA. The binding is not specific to any RNA sequence, and is performed via a peptide sequence rich in basic amino acids.^{[citation needed]}

It also has multiple regulatory functions, performed by interaction with the components of the host cell. The mechanisms regulated include a role in the export of the viral ribonucleoproteins from the host cell nucleus, inhibition of viral transcription, and a role in the virus assembly and budding. The protein was found to undergo phosphorylation in the host cell.^{[citation needed]}

The M1 protein forms a layer under the patches of host cell membrane that are rich with the viral hemagglutinin, neuraminidase and M2 transmembrane proteins, and facilitates budding of the mature viruses.^{[citation needed]}

M1 consists of two domains connected by a linker sequence. The N-terminal domain has a multi-helical structure that can be divided into two subdomains.^[2] The C-terminal domain also contains alpha-helical structure.

Sources and notes

[edit]

^ Sha B, Luo M (March 1997). "Structure of a bifunctional membrane-RNA binding protein, influenza virus matrix protein M1". Nat. Struct. Biol. 4 (3): 239–44. doi:10.1038/nsb0397-239. PMID 9164466. S2CID 22521750.
^ Arzt S, Baudin F, Barge A, Timmins P, Burmeister WP, Ruigrok RW (January 2001). "Combined results from solution studies on intact influenza virus M1 protein and from a new crystal form of its N-terminal domain show that M1 is an elongated monomer". Virology. 279 (2): 439–46. doi:10.1006/viro.2000.0727. PMID 11162800.

Viral proteins (early and late)

DNA

linear ds-DNA
(Duplodnaviria,
Varidnaviria)

Herpes simplex

VSPs:

capsid:	HHV capsid portal protein Herpesvirus glycoprotein B

VNPs:

Vaccinia

VNPs:	B13R

Adenoviridae

VNPs:	E1A E1B

circular ds-DNA
(Duplodnaviria,
Varidnaviria?)

Epstein–Barr

VSPs:	LMP-1 LMP-2
VNPs:	EBNA-1 EBNA-2 EBNA-3
ncRNA:	EBER

Baculoviridae

VNPs:	Early 35 kDa protein

other
(Riboviria,
Monodnaviria)

Polyomaviridae
(SV40, MPyV, MCPyV, HaPyV)
(non-enveloped circular ds-DNA)

VSPs:

capsid:	VP1 VP2 and VP3

VNPs:

oncoprotein:	STag MTag LTag (SV40 Tag)

Agnoprotein

Hepatitis B
(circular partially ds-DNA)

VSPs:	HBsAg HBcAg HBeAg
VNPs:	HBx Hepatitis B virus DNA polymerase

RNA

ds-RNA
(Riboviria)

Rotavirus
(Duplornaviricota)

VNPs:	NSP1 NSP2 NSP3 NSP4 NSP5 NSP6

Rhinov., Polio, Hep A,
etc. (Pisuviricota)

VNPs:	VPg

ss-RNA
positive-sense
(Riboviria)

Hepatitis C
(Kitrinoviricota)

VSPs:	viral envelope E1 E2
VNPs:	P7 NS2 NS3 NS4A NS4B NS5A NS5B

SARS-CoV-2
(Pisuviricota)

VSPs:	viral envelope Spike Envelope Membrane Nucleocapsid
VNPs:	ORF1ab 3C-like protease (NS5) ORF3a ORF3b ORF3c ORF3d ORF6 ORF7a ORF7b ORF8 ORF9b

ss-RNA
negative-sense
(Negarnaviricota)

Influenza virus

VSPs:

capsid:	matrix protein M1 protein viral envelope M2 protein
glycoprotein:	Influenza hemagglutinin Neuraminidase HA-tag

VNPs:

Parainfluenza

VSPs:

glycoprotein:	Parainfluenza hemagglutinin-neuraminidase

Mumps

VSPs:

glycoprotein:	Mumps hemagglutinin-neuraminidase

Measles

VSPs:

glycoprotein:	Measles hemagglutinin

RSV

VSPs:

glycoprotein:	Respiratory syncytial virus G protein

Zaire ebolavirus

VSPs:

capsid:	matrix protein VP40 VP24

Indiana vesiculovirus

VSPs:

capsid:	matrix protein Vesiculovirus matrix proteins

Structure and genome of HIV

VSPs:	gag p24 pol Integrase Reverse transcriptase HIV-1 protease env gp120 gp41
VRAPs:	transactivators Tat Rev Vpr Nef Vif Vpu or Vpx

Multiple

- Rous sarcoma virus
- murine leukemia virus

Fusion protein

oncoprotein:	Gag-onc fusion protein

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See also

Sources and notes