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Nestoritherium - Wikipedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Nestoritherium Temporal range: 11.6–0.781 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Late Miocene to Early Pleistocene

Skull of N. linxiaense, National Natural History Museum of China
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Perissodactyla
Family:	†Chalicotheriidae
Subfamily:	†Chalicotheriinae
Genus:	†Nestoritherium Kaup, 1859
Type species
†Nestoritherium sivalense Falconer & Cautley, 1837
Species
N. fuguense N. linxiaense^[1] N. sivalense

Nestoritherium is an extinct genus of chalicothere; it has been dated to have lived from the late Miocene to the Early Pleistocene (11.6–0.781 mya).^[2]^[3]^[4] This range makes Nestoritherium one of the most recently dated chalicotheres. It has been found in fossil sites in Myanmar and China.^[4]

The genus Nestoritherium was erected by German paleontologist Johann Jakob Kaup in 1859 for the species then known as Chalicotherium sivalense,^[5] itself named in 1843 by Falconer and Cautley from early Pleistocene material from India.^[6] The shortened faced and brachyodont dentition suggests it belongs to the subfamily Chalicotheriinae.^[1]

Nestoritherium fuguense was named from partial lower jaw and palate material from Miocene beds in Fugu County, China in 2014.^[6]

Material consisting of a fragmentary upper and lower molar recovered from the (early Pleistocene) Irrawaddy Formation in Myanmar has been referred to the genus Nestoritherium.^[7] A femur of possible chalicothere origin was recovered from Pliocene deposits in Yenangyaung in 1897.^[8]

References

^ ^a ^b "New Chalicothere Species Found From the Late Miocene of the Linxia Basin of Gansu, China". Chinese Academy of Sciences. 2012.
^ "A NEW SPECIES OF CHALICOTHERIINAE (PERISSODACTYLA,MAMMALIA) FROM THE LATE MIOCENE IN THE LINXIA BASIN OF GANSU,CHINA--《Vertebrata PalAsiatica》2012年01期". en.cnki.com.cn. Retrieved 2016-04-19.
^ "New Chalicothere Species Found From the Late Miocene of the Linxia Basin of Gansu, China----Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences". english.ivpp.cas.cn. Retrieved 2016-04-19.
^ ^a ^b "Fossilworks: Nestoritherium". fossilworks.org. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
^ Colbert, E. H. (1935). "The Proper Use of the Generic Name Nestoritherium". Journal of Mammalogy. 16 (3): 233–234. doi:10.1093/jmammal/16.3.233.
^ ^a ^b Xue, Xiang-Xu; Deng, Tao; Coombs, Margery; Zhang, Yun-Xiang (2014). "New chalicothere materials from the Late Miocene of Fugu, Shaanxi, China". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 52: 401–426.
^ Tsubamoto, Takehisa; Zin-Maung-Maung-Thein; ThaungHtike; Egi, Naoko; Chit-Sein; Maung-Maung; Takai, Masanaru (2006). "Discovery of chalicothere and Dorcabune from the upper part (lower Pleistocene) of the Irrawaddy Formation, Myanmar" (PDF). Asian Paleoprimatology. 4: 137–142.
^ Hooijer, Dirk Albert (1951). "A Femur of a (?) Chalicothere from the Pliocene of Upper Burma". Journal of Mammalogy. 32 (4): 467–468. doi:10.1093/jmammal/32.4.467.

Perissodactyla

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Perissodactyla

Perissodactyla

Incertae sedis

†Anthracobunia

Radinskya
†Anthracobunidae	Anthracobune Hsanotherium Jozaria Obergfellia
†Cambaytheriidae	Cambaytherium Kalitherium Nakusia Perissobune

†Brontotheriidae

- See Brontotheriidae

Equoidea

Equidae

- See Equidae

†Palaeotheriidae

†Pachynolophinae	Anchilophus Bepitherium Eurohippus Hyracotherium Lijiangia Lophiohippus Lophiotherium Metanchilophus Orolophus Pachynolophus Paranchilophus Propalaeotherium Qianohippus
†Palaeotheriinae	Cantabrotherium Iberolophus Idiodontherium Leptolophus Mekodontherium Metaplagiolophus Palaeotherium Paraplagiolophus Plagiolophus Pseudopalaeotherium

†Hyopsodontidae?

†Phenacodontidae?

Tetraclaenodon
†Meniscotheriinae	Ectocion Meniscotherium
†Phenacodontinae	Almogaver Copecion Eodesmatodon Lophocion Phenacodus

Tapiromorpha

- See below↓

Tapiromorpha

Incertae sedis

†Cambaylophus
†Skopaiolophus

†Isectolophidae

Chowliia Gandheralophus Karagalax Meridiolophus Orientolophus Sastrilophus
†Homogalaxinae	Homogalax
†Isectolophinae	Isectolophus Schizolophodon

†Ancylopoda

- See Ancylopoda

Ceratomorpha

Tapiroidea

†Deperetellidae	Bahinolophus Deperetella Irenolophus Teleolophus
†Helaletidae	Colodon Dilophodon Helaletes Heptodon Heteraletes Paracolodon Plesiocolopirus Thuliadanta? Vastanolophus
Tapiridae	†Eotapirus †Miotapirus †Nexuotapirus †Paratapirus †Plesiotapirus †Protapirus †Tapiravus Tapirus

Rhinocerotoidea

- See below↓

Rhinocerotoidea

Rhinocerotoidea sensu lato

†Breviodon
†Fouchia
†Minchenoletes
†Siamolophus
†Triplopus
†Yimengia

†Indolophidae

Indolophus

Rhinocerotoidea
sensu stricto

†Selenaletes

†Hyrachyidae

Hyrachyus

Amynodon
†Cadurcodontini	Cadurcodon Lushiamynodon Sharamynodon Sianodon
†Metamynodontini	Gigantamynodon Megalamynodon Metamynodon Paramynodon Zaisanamynodon

†Paraceratheriidae

†Forstercooperiinae	Forstercooperia Gobicerops Pappaceras
†Paraceratheriinae	Aralotherium Dzungarotherium Juxia Paraceratherium Urtinotherium

Rhinocerotidae

- See below↓

Rhinocerotidae

†Aceratheriinae

†Elasmotheriinae

Gulfoceras Victoriaceros
†Diceratheriini	Diceratherium Penetrigonias Skinneroceras Subhyracodon Trigonias
†Elasmotheriini	Bugtirhinus Caementodon Elasmotherium Hispanotherium Iranotherium Kenyatherium Meninatherium Menoceras Ninxiatherium Ningxiatherium Ougandatherium Parelasmotherium Procoelodonta Sinotherium Tongxinotherium

Rhinocerotinae

†Teleoceratini

Rhinocerotina

Dicerorhinini	†Coelodonta Dicerorhinus †Dihoplus †Pliorhinus †Stephanorhinus
Dicerotini	Ceratotherium Diceros †Miodiceros †Paradiceros
Rhinocerotini	†Gaindatherium †Nesorhinus Rhinoceros †Rusingaceros

Ancylopoda

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Perissodactyla

Ancylopoda

Pappomoropus
Protomoropus

"Eomoropidae"

Lophiodontidae

Chalicotheriidae

Chalicotheriinae	Anisodon Chalicotherium Hesperotherium Kalimantsia Nestoritherium Winamia
Schizotheriinae	Ancylotherium Borissiakia Chemositia Metaschizotherium Moropus Phyllotillon Schizotherium Tylocephalonyx

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