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Notochampsa - Wikipedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Notochampsa Temporal range: Pliensbachian 185–183 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓ ^[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Sauropsida
Subclass:	Diapsida
Infraclass:	Archosauromorpha
Superorder:	Crocodylomorpha
Suborder:	Notochampsoidea
Family:	Notochampsidae
Genus:	Notochampsa Broom, 1904
Species
N. istedana Broom, 1904 (type)

Notochampsa is an extinct genus of protosuchian crocodyliform.^[2] Fossils have been found from the lower Clarens Formation of the Karoo Supergroup in South Africa, dating back to the Pliensbachian stage of the Early Jurassic.^[3]^[4]^[5] Notochampsa comes from a period of relative fossil scarcity, and is the youngest known occurrence of a crocodylomorph (and vertebrate body fossil) from the Karoo Basin of South Africa.^[1]

Taxonomy

The genus was named in a paper published in 1904 by Robert Broom.^[6] The type species was named N. istedana, and a second species, named N. longipes, was also described. Later in 1924, N. longipes was given its own genus, Erythrochampsa.^[7] In that paper, Sidney Haughton created the family Notochampsidae for Notochampsa. Notochampsa was later used to include other genera of protosuchians such as Dyoplax, Pedeticosaurus, Platyognathus, and Protosuchus,^[8] and later Microchampsa and Orthosuchus.^[9] Notochampsa had also once been assigned to the suborder Sphenosuchia.^[10] A revision in 2021 found it valid taxon, and phylogenetic analysis recovered it as sister to Orthosuchus, in a monophyletic Notochampsidae.^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Dollman, Kathleen N.; Clark, James M.; Viglietti, Pia A.; Browning, Claire; Choiniere, Jonah N (2021). "Revised anatomy, taxonomy and biostratigraphy of Notochampsa istedana Broom, 1904, a Lower Jurassic crocodyliform from the Clarens Formation (Stormberg Group), and its implications for early crocodyliform phylogeny". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 19 (9): 651–675. doi:10.1080/14772019.2021.1948926. S2CID 238241175. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
^ Walker, A. D. (1990). "A revision of Sphenosuchus acutus Haughton, a crocodylomorph reptile from the Elliot Formation (Late Triassic or Early Jurassic) of South Africa". Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences. 330 (1256): 1–120. doi:10.1098/rstb.1990.0185.
^ Nash, D. S. (1975). "The morphology and relationships of a crocodilian, Orthosuchus stormbergi, from the Upper Triassic of Lesotho". Annals of the South African Museum. 67 (1975)(7): 227–329.
^ Durand, J. F. (2005). "Major African contributions to Palaeozoic and Mesozoic vertebrate palaeontology". Journal of African Earth Sciences. Phanerozoic Evolution of Africa. 43 (1–3): 53–82. Bibcode:2005JAfES..43...53D. doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2005.07.014.
^ Kitching, J. W.; Raath, M. A. (1984). "Fossils from the Elliot and Clarens formations (Karoo sequence) of the northeastern Cape, Orange Free State and Lesotho, and a suggested biozonation based on tetrapods". Paleontologica Africana. 25: 111–125.
^ Broom, R. (1904). "On a new crocodilian genus (Notochampsa) from the upper Stormberg beds of South Africa". Geological Magazine. New Series, Decade V. 1 (12): 582–584. Bibcode:1904GeoM....1..582B. doi:10.1017/S0016756800124367. S2CID 128988222.
^ Haughton, S. H. (1924). "The fauna and stratigraphy of the Stormberg Series". Annals of the South African Museum. 12: 323–497.
^ Romer, A. S. (1956). Osteology of the Reptiles. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-89464-985-X.
^ Steel, R. (1973). "Crocodylia". In Kuhn, O. (ed.). Handbuch der Palaoherpetologie (16 ed.). Stuttgart: G. Fischer Verlag. pp. 1–116.
^ Huene, F. von (1925). "Die Bedeutung der Sphenosuchus-Gruppe fur den Ursprung der Krokodile". Z. Indukt. Abstamm.-u. Vererblehre. 38: 307–322. doi:10.1007/BF02118235. S2CID 12461978.

External links

Notochampsa in the Paleobiology Database

Pseudosuchia

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Sauropsida
Clade: Archosauria

Sauropsida

- see Sauropsida

Archosauromorpha

see Archosauromorpha
Pseudosuchia	see below↓

Pseudosuchia

†Dasygnathoides †Nundasuchus †Phytosauria?
†Ornithosuchidae	Aenigmaspina? Dynamosuchus Ornithosuchus Riojasuchus Venaticosuchus

Suchia

†Erpetosuchidae

†Aetosauriformes

Acaenasuchus Euscolosuchus Revueltosaurus
Aetosauria	see Aetosauria

†Gracilisuchidae

Paracrocodylomorpha

- see below↓

Paracrocodylomorpha

†Mambawakale

†Poposauroidea

Benggwigwishingasuchus Lotosaurus Schultzsuchus? Qianosuchus
Ctenosauriscidae	Arizonasaurus Bromsgroveia Bystrowisuchus Ctenosauriscus Hypselorhachis Tsylmosuchus? Xilousuchus
Poposauridae	Dolichobrachium Poposaurus
Shuvosauridae	Effigia Shuvosaurus Sillosuchus

Loricata

†Apatosuchus †Arganasuchus †Batrachotomus †Dagasuchus †Decuriasuchus †Etjosuchus †Fasolasuchus †Heptasuchus †Heteropelta? †Incertovenator? †Luperosuchus †Mandasuchus? †Prestosuchus †Procerosuchus †Saurosuchus †Stagonosuchus †Youngosuchus
†Rauisuchidae	Arganasuchus? Energosuchus? Jushatyria? Polonosuchus Postosuchus Procerosuchus? Rauisuchus Scolotosuchus Scythosuchus? Teratosaurus Tikisuchus? Vivaron Vjushkovisaurus? Vytshegdosuchus?
Crocodylomorpha	see below↓

Crocodylomorpha

†Carnufex †Dibothrosuchus †Dromicosuchus †Hesperosuchus †Heteropelta? †Junggarsuchus †Kayentasuchus †Parrishia †Phyllodontosuchus †Pseudhesperosuchus †Redondavenator †Sphenosuchus †Syntomiprosopus? †Trialestes
†Saltoposuchidae	Litargosuchus Saltoposuchus Terrestrisuchus
†Hallopodidae	Almadasuchus Hallopus Macelognathus
†Thalattosuchia	see Thalattosuchia

Crocodyliformes

†Entradasuchus †Eopneumatosuchus †Kemkemia †Microchampsa †Platyognathus †Stegomosuchus †Tagarosuchus
†Protosuchidae	Coloradisuchus Dianosuchus Edentosuchus Erythrochampsa Hemiprotosuchus Hoplosuchus Orthosuchus? Pedeticosaurus? Protosuchus
†Notochampsidae	Notochampsa Orthosuchus?
†Gobiosuchidae	Cassissuchus Gobiosuchus Lisboasaurus? Zaraasuchus

Mesoeucrocodylia

†Shartegosuchoidea

Hadongsuchus Shantungosuchus Sichuanosuchus Zosuchus
Shartegosuchidae	Adzhosuchus Fruitachampsa Kyasuchus Nominosuchus Shartegosuchus

Metasuchia

†Ziphosuchia	see Ziphosuchia includes notosuchians
Neosuchia	see Neosuchia includes crocodilians

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