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Redondavenator - Wikipedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Redondavenator Temporal range: Late Triassic, 200 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓

Diagram of preserved snout bones
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Clade:	Archosauria
Clade:	Pseudosuchia
Clade:	Crocodylomorpha
Genus:	†Redondavenator Nesbitt et al., 2005
Type species
†Redondavenator quayensis Nesbitt et al., 2005

Redondavenator (meaning "Redonda Formation hunter") is a genus of sphenosuchian, a type of basal crocodylomorph, the clade that comprises the crocodilians and their closest kin. It is known from a partial upper jaw and left shoulder girdle found in rocks of the Norian-Rhaetian-age Upper Triassic Redonda Formation, northeastern New Mexico. It is notable for its large size; the minimum estimated skull length for the holotype individual is 60 centimetres (2.0 ft).^[1]^[2] This makes it the largest Triassic crocodylomorph ever recorded.^[3]

History and description

Redondavenator is based on NMMNH P–125615, a partial anterior skull and associated partial left scapula and coracoid. These fossils were collected during one of the New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science expeditions to the Redonda Formation of Quay County, New Mexico in the 1980s and 1990s. A partial lower jaw was once thought to belong as well, but was found to have come from a phytosaur. The fossils were found in a conglomerate layer high in the formation, above lacustrine shales with fossils of semionotid fish. The conglomerate is interpreted as debris flows along a lake margin.^[1]

Redondavenator was named in 2005 by Sterling Nesbitt and colleagues. The type species is R. quayensis, referring to Quay County. The preserved portion of the skull includes the premaxillae (snout tip) and parts of the maxillae (main tooth-bearing bones of the upper jaw) and nasals, in front of the antorbital fenestra. The fourth and fifth teeth of the maxilla were enlarged. Ridges and other sculpting were present on the upper surface of the snout. The shoulder bones were robust. Nesbitt and colleagues described their new genus as a basal sphenosuchian. They interpreted it as filling a large terrestrial predator role that had been left empty by the extinction of "rauisuchians".^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Nesbitt, Sterling J.; Irmis, Randall B.; Lucas, Spencer G.; Hunt, Adrian P. (2005). "A giant crocodylomorph from the Upper Triassic of New Mexico". Paläontologische Zeitschrift. 79 (4): 471–478. doi:10.1007/bf02988373. S2CID 128541365.
^ Crocodylomorpha. Crocodiles and their relatives, archive copy from 20 June 2022.
^ Lindsay E. Zanno, Susan Drymala, Sterling J. Nesbitt, Vincent P. Schneider (2015) Early crocodylomorph increases top tier predator diversity during rise of dinosaurs. Scientific Reports volume 5, Article number: 9276

Pseudosuchia

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Sauropsida
Clade: Archosauria

Sauropsida

- see Sauropsida

Archosauromorpha

see Archosauromorpha
Pseudosuchia	see below↓

Pseudosuchia

†Dasygnathoides †Nundasuchus †Phytosauria?
†Ornithosuchidae	Aenigmaspina? Dynamosuchus Ornithosuchus Riojasuchus Venaticosuchus

Suchia

†Erpetosuchidae

†Aetosauriformes

Acaenasuchus Euscolosuchus Revueltosaurus
Aetosauria	see Aetosauria

†Gracilisuchidae

Paracrocodylomorpha

- see below↓

Paracrocodylomorpha

†Mambawakale

†Poposauroidea

Benggwigwishingasuchus Lotosaurus Schultzsuchus? Qianosuchus
Ctenosauriscidae	Arizonasaurus Bromsgroveia Bystrowisuchus Ctenosauriscus Hypselorhachis Tsylmosuchus? Xilousuchus
Poposauridae	Dolichobrachium Poposaurus
Shuvosauridae	Effigia Shuvosaurus Sillosuchus

Loricata

†Apatosuchus †Arganasuchus †Batrachotomus †Dagasuchus †Decuriasuchus †Etjosuchus †Fasolasuchus †Heptasuchus †Heteropelta? †Incertovenator? †Luperosuchus †Mandasuchus? †Prestosuchus †Procerosuchus †Saurosuchus †Stagonosuchus †Youngosuchus
†Rauisuchidae	Arganasuchus? Energosuchus? Jushatyria? Polonosuchus Postosuchus Procerosuchus? Rauisuchus Scolotosuchus Scythosuchus? Teratosaurus Tikisuchus? Vivaron Vjushkovisaurus? Vytshegdosuchus?
Crocodylomorpha	see below↓

Crocodylomorpha

†Carnufex †Dibothrosuchus †Dromicosuchus †Hesperosuchus †Heteropelta? †Junggarsuchus †Kayentasuchus †Parrishia †Phyllodontosuchus †Pseudhesperosuchus †Redondavenator †Sphenosuchus †Syntomiprosopus? †Trialestes
†Saltoposuchidae	Litargosuchus Saltoposuchus Terrestrisuchus
†Hallopodidae	Almadasuchus Hallopus Macelognathus
†Thalattosuchia	see Thalattosuchia

Crocodyliformes

†Entradasuchus †Eopneumatosuchus †Kemkemia †Microchampsa †Platyognathus †Stegomosuchus †Tagarosuchus
†Protosuchidae	Coloradisuchus Dianosuchus Edentosuchus Erythrochampsa Hemiprotosuchus Hoplosuchus Orthosuchus? Pedeticosaurus? Protosuchus
†Notochampsidae	Notochampsa Orthosuchus?
†Gobiosuchidae	Cassissuchus Gobiosuchus Lisboasaurus? Zaraasuchus

Mesoeucrocodylia

†Shartegosuchoidea

Hadongsuchus Shantungosuchus Sichuanosuchus Zosuchus
Shartegosuchidae	Adzhosuchus Fruitachampsa Kyasuchus Nominosuchus Shartegosuchus

Metasuchia

†Ziphosuchia	see Ziphosuchia includes notosuchians
Neosuchia	see Neosuchia includes crocodilians

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