Phenylethylidenehydrazine

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Phenylethylidenehydrazine
Clinical data

ATC code	none
Legal status
Legal status	In general: uncontrolled
Pharmacokinetic data
Elimination half-life	~12 hours
Identifiers
IUPAC name (1E)-(2-Phenylethylidene)hydrazine
CAS Number	29443-41-2^Y
PubChem CID	10103216
ChemSpider	8278744
UNII	9FZ4W7J6VE
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID20435557
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C₈H₁₀N₂
Molar mass	134.182 g·mol⁻¹
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES N/N=C/CC1=CC=CC=C1

Phenylethylidenehydrazine (PEH), also known as 2-phenylethylhydrazone or β-phenylethylidenehydrazine, is a GABA transaminase inhibitor.^[1]^[2] It is a metabolite of the antidepressant phenelzine and is responsible for its elevation of GABA concentrations.^[1] PEH may contribute to phenelzine's anxiolytic effects.^[3]

References

^ ^a ^b Parent MB, Master S, Kashlub S, Baker GB (January 2002). "Effects of the antidepressant/antipanic drug phenelzine and its putative metabolite phenylethylidenehydrazine on extracellular gamma-aminobutyric acid levels in the striatum". Biochemical Pharmacology. 63 (1): 57–64. doi:10.1016/S0006-2952(01)00856-5. PMID 11754874.
^ Duffy S, Nguyen PV, Baker GB (2004). "Phenylethylidenehydrazine, a novel GABA-transaminase inhibitor, reduces epileptiform activity in rat hippocampal slices". Neuroscience. 126 (2): 423–432. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.03.007. PMID 15207360. S2CID 30625470.
^ Baker GB, Wong JT, Yeung JM, Coutts RT (March 1991). "Effects of the antidepressant phenelzine on brain levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)". Journal of Affective Disorders. 21 (3): 207–211. doi:10.1016/0165-0327(91)90041-p. ISSN 0165-0327. PMID 1648582.

v t e Anxiolytics (N05B)
5-HT_1ARTooltip 5-HT1A receptor agonists	Buspirone Gepirone Tandospirone
GABA_ARTooltip GABAA receptor PAMsTooltip positive allosteric modulators	Benzodiazepines: Adinazolam Alprazolam Bromazepam Camazepam Chlordiazepoxide Clobazam Clonazepam Clorazepate Clotiazepam Cloxazolam Diazepam^# Ethyl loflazepate Etizolam Fludiazepam Halazepam Ketazolam Lorazepam^# Medazepam Nordazepam Oxazepam Pinazepam Prazepam; Others: Alpidem^‡ Barbiturates (e.g., phenobarbital) Carbamates (e.g., meprobamate) Carisoprodol Chlormezanone^‡ Ethanol (alcohol) Etifoxine
Hypnotics	Zopiclone
Gabapentinoids (α₂δ VDCC blockers)	Gabapentin Gabapentin enacarbil Phenibut Pregabalin
Antidepressants	SSRIsTooltip Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (e.g., escitalopram) SNRIsTooltip Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (e.g., duloxetine) SARIsTooltip Serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitors (e.g., trazodone) TCAsTooltip Tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., clomipramine^#) TeCAsTooltip Tetracyclic antidepressants (e.g., mirtazapine) MAOIsTooltip Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (e.g., phenelzine); Others: Agomelatine Bupropion Tianeptine Vilazodone Vortioxetine
Antipsychotics	Quetiapine Flupentixol
Sympatholytics (Antiadrenergics)	Alpha-1 blockers (e.g., prazosin) Alpha-2 agonists (e.g., clonidine, dexmedetomidine, guanfacine) Beta blockers (e.g., propranolol)
Others	Benzoctamine Cycloserine Fabomotizole Hydroxyzine Lorpiprazole Mebicar Mepiprazole Nicotine Opipramol Oxaflozane^‡ Phenaglycodol Phenibut Picamilon Selank Tiagabine Tofisopam Validolum
^#WHO-EM ^‡Withdrawn from market Clinical trials: ^†Phase III ^§Never to phase III

GABA metabolism and transport modulators

Transporter

GATTooltip GABA transporter	Inhibitors: 4-Aminovaleric acid β-Alanine Arecaidine CI-966 DABA Deramciclane (EGIS-3886, EGYT-3886) EF-1502 Gabaculine Guvacine Ibotenic acid Muscimol Nipecotic acid NNC 05-2090 NO-711 Riluzole SKF-89976A SNAP-5114 TACA Tiagabine
VIAATTooltip Vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter	Inhibitors: β-Alanine Bafilomycin A1 Chicago sky blue 6B Evans blue GABA Glycine N-Butyric acid Nigericin Nipecotic acid Valinomycin Vigabatrin

Enzyme

GADTooltip Glutamate decarboxylase	Inhibitors: 3-Mercaptopropionic acid AAOA L-Allylglycine Semicarbazide Activators: 3-Methyl-GABA
GABA-TTooltip γ-Aminobutyrate aminotransferase	Inhibitors: 3-Hydrazinopropionic acid DABA γ-Acetylenic-GABA AOAA EOS Gabaculine Isoniazid L-Cycloserine Phenelzine PEH Rosmarinic acid (lemon balm) Sodium valproate Valnoctamide Valproate pivoxil Valproate semisodium (divalproex sodium) Valproic acid Valpromide Vigabatrin Activators: 3-Methyl-GABA

Other

Antivitamin B6	Ginkgotoxin

See also: Receptor/signaling modulators; GABA receptor modulators; GABA_A receptor positive modulators; Glutamate metabolism/transport modulators

Phenethylamines

Entactogens: Lophophine
MDPEA
MDMPEA

Amphetamines

Stimulants: 2-FA
2-FMA
3-FA
3-FMA
β-Phenylmethamphetamine
Acridorex
Alfetamine
Amfecloral
Amfepentorex
Amphetamine
- Dextroamphetamine
- Levoamphetamine
Amphetaminil
Benfluorex
Benzphetamine
Cathine
Clobenzorex
Dimethylamphetamine
Ephedrine
Ephenidine
Etafedrine
Etilamfetamine
Famprofazone
Fencamfamin
Fencamine
Fenethylline
Fenfluramine
- Dexfenfluramine
- Levofenfluramine
Fenproporex
Flucetorex
Fludorex
Formetorex
Furfenorex
Gepefrine
4-Hydroxyamphetamine
Iofetamine
Isopropylamphetamine
Lefetamine
Lisdexamfetamine
Mefenorex
Metaraminol
Methamphetamine
- Dextromethamphetamine
- Levomethamphetamine
Methoxamine
Methoxyphenamine
MMA
Morforex
Norfenfluramine
L-Norpseudoephedrine
α,N-Diethylphenylethylamine
Oxifentorex
Oxilofrine
Ortetamine
PBA
PBMA
PCA
PCMA
PFA
PFMA
PIA
PIMA
PMA
PMEA
PMMA
Phenylpropanolamine
Pholedrine
Prenylamine
Propylamphetamine
Pseudoephedrine
Sibutramine
Tiflorex
Xylopropamine
Zylofuramine

Others: 3,4-DCA
Amiflamine
Cafedrine
Deprenyl
- D-Deprenyl
- Selegiline (L-deprenyl)
DiFMDA
Thiamphenicol
UWA-101 (α-cPr-MDMA)

Phentermines

Entactogens: MDPH
MDMPH

Others: Cericlamine

Cathinones

Phenylisobutylamines
(and further-extended)

Stimulants: α-Propylphenethylamine
Hexapradol
Phenylisobutylamine (α-ethylphenethylamine)

Catecholamines
(and close relatives)

Cyclized
phenethylamines

Phenylalkylpyrrolidines	α-PBP α-PHP α-PPP α-PVP MDPBP MDPPP MDPV 4-MePBP 4-MePHP 4-MePPP Fluorolintane MOPPP MOPVP MPBP MPHP MPPP Naphyrone PEP Prolintane Pyrovalerone
2-Benzylpiperidines (phenidates)	2-Benzylpiperidine 3-Bromomethylphenidate 3-Chloromethylphenidate 3-Methylmethylphenidate 3,4-Dichloro-2-benzylpiperidine 3,4-Dichloroethylphenidate 3,4-Dichloromethylphenidate 4-Bromoethylphenidate 4-Bromomethylphenidate 4-Chloromethylphenidate 4-Fluoroethylphenidate 4-Fluoroisopropylphenidate 4-Fluoromethylphenidate 4-Methyl-2-benzylpiperidine 4-Methylisopropylphenidate 4-Methylmethylphenidate 4-Nitromethylphenidate α-Acetyl-2-benzylpiperidine α-Keto-2-benzylpiperidine CPMBP Desoxypipradrol (2-DPMP) Difemetorex Ethylnaphthidate (HDEP-28) Ethylphenidate Isopropylnaphthidate Isopropylphenidate MDMPH Methylnaphthidate (HDMP-28) Methylphenidate Phacetoperane Pipradrol Propylphenidate Rimiterol Ritalinamide Ritalinic acid SCH-5472 Serdexmethylphenidate
Phenylmorpholines (phenmetrazines)	(2R,3R)-Hydroxybupropion 2-(2,5-Dimethoxy-4-bromophenyl)morpholine 2-Fluorophenmetrazine 2-Methylphenmetrazine 2-Phenylmorpholine 2-Phenyl-3,6-dimethylmorpholine 3-Chlorophenmetrazine (PAL-594) 3-Fluorophenetrazine 3-Fluorophenmetrazine (PAL-593) 3-Methoxyphenmetrazine 3-Methylphenmetrazine (PAL-773) 4-Fluorophenmetrazine (PAL-748) 4-Methylphendimetrazine 4-Methylphenmetrazine (PAL-747) 2C-B-morpholine Fenbutrazate Fenmetramide Flumexadol G-130 Isophenmetrazine Manifaxine Methylenedioxyphenmetrazine Morazone N-Ethylphenmetrazol Naphthylmetrazine (PAL-704) Naphthylmorpholine (PAL-678) Oxaflozane PDM-35 PF-219,061) Phendimetrazine Phenetrazine Phenmetetrazine Phenmetrazine Phenmetrazol Pseudophenmetrazine Radafaxine ((2S,3S)-hydroxybupropion)
Phenyloxazolamines (aminorexes)	3-Methylaminorex 4-Ethylaminorex (4-EAR) 4'-Fluoroaminorex 4-Methylaminorex (4-MAR) 4,4'-Dimethylaminorex (4,4'-DMAR) 2C-B-aminorex 2F-MAR 4B-MAR 4C-MAR 4F-MAR Aminorex Clominorex Cyclazodone Ephedroxane Fenozolone Fluminorex MDMAR Methylenedioxyaminorex (MDAR) N-Methylcyclazodone N,N-Dimethylaminorex Pemoline Thozalinone
Isoquinolines and tetrahydroisoquinolines	Anhalamine Anhalidine Anhalinine Anhalonidine Calycotomine Debrisoquine Deutetrabenazine Diclofensine Esproquin Gigantine Hedycarine Lophophorine Lophotine Nomifensine Norsalsolinol Pellotine Perafensine Peyophorine Peyotine Quinisocaine Reticuline Salsoline Salsolinol Tetrabenazine Tetrahydroisoquinoline Tetrahydropapaveroline Tilisolol Tretoquinol Valbenazine Zelandopam
2-Aminoindanes	2-Aminoindane (2-AI) 5-IAI Aprindine BFAI BFMAI DHAI DOM-AI ETAI Indanorex Indantadol MDAI MDMAI MEAI (5-MeO-AI) MMAI NM-2-AI PNU-99,194 TAI
2-Aminotetralins	2-Aminotetralin (2-AT) 5-OH-DPAT 6-CAT 7-OH-DPAT 8-OH-DPAT AS-19 DOM-AT MDAT MDMAT UH-232
Others / unsorted	1-Aminomethylindanes (e.g., 2CB-Ind, AMMI, jimscaline) 2-ADN 2-Benzhydrylpyrrolidine 3-Benzhydrylmorpholine 3-Phenylpiperidines (e.g., 3-phenylpiperidine, OSU-6162 (PNU-96391), LPH-5, LPH-48) 6-AB AL-1095 Benzazepines (e.g., fenoldopam, lorcaserin, SCHEMBL5334361) Benzocyclobutenes (e.g., 2CBCB-NBOMe, S33005, TCB-2, tomscaline) Benzoxepins (e.g., BBOX, IBOX, TFMBOX) Butyltolylquinuclidine Cypenamine (trans-2-phenylcyclopentylamine) Diphenidine Diphenylprolinol DMBMPP Ergolines (e.g., LSD) GYKI-52895 HDMP-29 Ivabradine Lumateperone and analogues (e.g., IHCH-7079, IHCH-7086, IHCH-7113, ITI-1549) Methoxphenidine Methylmorphenate Milnacipran MT-45 2-Naphthylamine Org 6582 Partial ergolines (e.g., NDTDI, RU-27849, DEIMDHPCA, DEMPDHPCA, RU-27251) PF-592,379 Phenylcyclopropylamines (e.g., DMCPA, TMT, tranylcypromine) Tricyclics (e.g., benzoctamine, dizocilpine) Z3517967757 ZC-B

Related compounds

2-Furylethylamine
2-Pyrrolylethylamine
3-Pyrrolylethylamine
3-Pyrrolylpropylamine
2-Tetrahydrofurylethylamine
4-Benzylpiperidine
7-AB
Alkylamines (e.g., 1,3-DMBATooltip 1,3-dimethylbutylamine, 1,4-DMAATooltip 1,4-dimethylamylamine, heptaminol, iproheptine, isometheptene, methylhexanamine/1,3-DMAA, octodrine, oenethyl, tuaminoheptane)
Benzylamines (e.g., benzylamine, α-methylbenzylamine, MDM1EA, ALPHA, M-ALPHA, pargyline)
Benzylpiperazines (e.g., benzylpiperazine, MDBZP, fipexide)
Cyclohexylaminopropanes (e.g., propylhexedrine, norpropylhexedrine)
Cyclopentylaminopropanes (e.g., isocyclamine, cyclopentamine)
Phenylalkenylamines (e.g., phenylbutenamine)
Phenylalkynylamines (e.g., phenylbutynamine)
Phenylpiperazines (e.g., 1-phenylpiperazine, mCPPTooltip meta-chlorophenylpiperazine, TFMPPTooltip trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine, oMPPTooltip ortho-methylphenylpiperazine, pFPPTooltip para-fluorophenylpiperazine, pMeOPPTooltip para-methoxyphenylpiperazine)
Phenylpropylamines (e.g., phenylpropylamine, homo-MDA, homo-MDMA)
Thienylaminopropanes (thiopropamines) (e.g., thiopropamine, methiopropamine, thiothinone)

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See also

References