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NGC 6357 - Wikipedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

(Redirected from Pismis 24)

NGC 6357
Emission nebula
H II region
NGC 6357 composite image
Observation data: J2000 epoch
Right ascension	17^h 24^m ^[1]
Declination	−34° 20′^[1]
Distance	~5900±450^[2] ly (1800±140 pc)
Constellation	Scorpius^[3]

Designations	War and Peace Nebula,^[1] Lobster Nebula ^[4] Sharpless 11, RCW 131, Gum 66, Madokami
See also: Lists of nebulae

NGC 6357 is a diffuse nebula near NGC 6334 in the constellation Scorpius. The nebula contains many proto-stars shielded by dark discs of gas, and young stars wrapped in expanding "cocoons" or expanding gases surrounding these small stars. It is also known as the Lobster Nebula.^[4]^[5] This nebula was given the name War and Peace Nebula by the Midcourse Space Experiment scientists because of its appearance, which, in infrared images the bright, western part resembles a dove, while the eastern part looks like a skull.^[6] A petition by anime fans to rename it as the Madokami nebula, due to resemblance with a character, was unsuccessful.^[7]^[8]

It is located about 5,500 light years away from Earth.^[9]

Associated open clusters

Pismis 24

This nebula includes the open cluster Pismis 24, which is home to several massive stars. One of the brightest stars in the cluster, Pismis 24-1, was thought possibly to be the most massive on record, approaching 300 solar masses, until it was discovered to be a multiple system of at least three stars; component stars would still remain near 100 solar masses each, making them among the more massive stars on record.^[10]^[11]

G353.2+0.7

The young stellar cluster G353.2+0.7 lies east of Pismis 24 and was revealed by a Chandra X-ray image showing approximately 800 stars.^[12]

G353.1+0.6

The young stellar cluster G353.1+0.6 lies southeast of Pismis 24 and also contains approximately 800 stars detected by X-ray.^[12] The region includes several O-type stars, including [BDSB2003] 10.^[13]

Massive stars

NGC 6357 is one of the most prominent sites of massive-star formation in our neighborhood of the Milky Way. A variety of early O-type stars reside in this nebula, blowing the bubbles around the star clusters that can be seen in the molecular cloud.

Prominent stars in Pismis 24^[14]
Star name	Spectral type	Magnitude (M_bol)	Temperature^[15] (K)	Radius (`R`_☉)	Mass (`M`_☉)
WR 93 (HD 157504)	WC7	-11.2	71,000	10	120
Pismis 24-1NE	O3.5 If^*	−10.0	42,000	17	74
Pismis 24-1SW	O4 III	−9.8	41,500	16	66
Pismis 24-2	O5.5 V(f)	−8.9	40,000	12	43
Pismis 24-3	O8 V	−7.7	33,400	9	25
Pismis 24-10	O9 V	−7.2	31,500	8	20
Pismis 24-12	B1 V	−5.3	30,000	4	11
Pismis 24-13	O6.5 III((f))	−8.6	35,600	12	35
Pismis 24-15	O8 V	−7.8	33,400	10	25
Pismis 24-16	O7.5 V	−9.0	34,000	16	38
Pismis 24-17	O3.5 III	−10.1	42,700	17	78
Pismis 24-18	B0.5 V	−6.4	30,000	6	15
Pismis 24-19	B0.5 V	−5.4	30,000	4	11

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "NGC 6357". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2007-05-03.
^ Kuhn, Michael A.; Hillenbrand, Lynne A.; Sills, Alison; Feigelson, Eric D.; Getman, Konstantin V. (2018). "Kinematics in Young Star Clusters and Associations with Gaia DR2". The Astrophysical Journal. 870 (1): 32. arXiv:1807.02115. Bibcode:2019ApJ...870...32K. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaef8c. S2CID 119328315.
^ R. W. Sinnott, ed. (1988). The Complete New General Catalogue and Index Catalogue of Nebulae and Star Clusters by J. L. E. Dreyer. Sky Publishing Corporation and Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-933346-51-2.
^ ^a ^b Sample, Ian (20 February 2013). "Lobster Nebula – birthplace of stars – revealed in infrared". the Guardian.
^ "Lobster Nebula Seen with ESO's VISTA Telescope Space Wallpaper". Space.com. 25 February 2013.
^ "2MASS Picture of the Week Archive Captions".
^ "There Is A New Petition To Name A Nebula After "Ultimate Madoka"". crunchyroll.com.
^ "NGC 6357. The Lobster Nebula". astrodrudis.com.
^ "Winter Wonderland' Glows in Space as Nebula Is Wreathed in Wintry Colors". Space.com. 20 December 2016.
^ "ESA Science & Technology: Star on a Hubble diet NGC 6357". Archived from the original on 2007-04-04. Retrieved 2007-04-11.
^ Nemiroff, R.; Bonnell, J., eds. (19 December 2006). "NASA: Massive Stars in Open Cluster Pismis 24". Astronomy Picture of the Day. NASA.
^ ^a ^b Townsley, L. K.; et al. (2014). "The Massive Star-Forming Regions Omnibus X-Ray Catalog". Astrophysical Journal Supplement. 213 (1): 1. arXiv:1403.2576. Bibcode:2014ApJS..213....1T. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/213/1/1. S2CID 76658453.
^ Damke, G.; et al. (2006). "The open cluster G353.1+0.7 in NGC6357". Revista Mexicana de Astronomía y Astrofísica. 26: 180. Bibcode:2006RMxAC..26..180D.
^ Fang, M.; Van Boekel, R.; King, R. R.; Henning, T.; Bouwman, J.; Doi, Y.; Okamoto, Y. K.; Roccatagliata, V.; Sicilia-Aguilar, A. (2012). "Star formation and disk properties in Pismis 24". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 539: A119. arXiv:1201.0833. Bibcode:2012A&A...539A.119F. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201015914. S2CID 73612793.
^ Martins, F.; Schaerer, D.; Hillier, D. J. (2005). "A new calibration of stellar parameters of Galactic O stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 436 (3): 1049–1065. arXiv:astro-ph/0503346. Bibcode:2005A&A...436.1049M. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20042386. S2CID 39162419.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to NGC 6357.

European Southern Observatory infrared image
Slate blog about the nebula
APOD Pictures:

Star Forming Region NGC 6357 showing complex interactions between interstellar winds, radiation pressures and magnetic fields.
A Massive Star in NGC 6357 with a close-up of Pismis 24.
NGC 6357: Cathedral to Massive Stars
A Massive Star in NGC 6357
NGC 6357: Cathedral to Massive Stars
NGC 6357: The Lobster Nebula

Sharpless catalog

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RCW Catalogue

RCW 1
RCW 2
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v t e Gum Catalog
Colin Stanley Gum
Gum 1 Gum 2 Gum 3 Gum 4 Gum 5 Gum 6 Gum 7 Gum 8 Gum 9 Gum 10 Gum 12 Gum 13 Gum 14 Gum 15 Gum 16 Gum 17 Gum 18 Gum 19 Gum 20 Gum 21 Gum 22 Gum 23 Gum 24 Gum 25 Gum 26 Gum 27 Gum 28 Gum 29 Gum 30 Gum 31 Gum 32 Gum 33 Gum 34 Gum 35 Gum 36 Gum 37 Gum 38 Gum 39 Gum 40 Gum 41 Gum 42 Gum 43 Gum 44 Gum 45 Gum 46 Gum 47 Gum 48 Gum 49 Gum 50 Gum 51 Gum 52 Gum 53 Gum 54 Gum 55 Gum 56 Gum 57 Gum 58 Gum 59 Gum 60 Gum 61 Gum 62 Gum 63 Gum 64 Gum 65 Gum 66 Gum 67 Gum 68 Gum 69 Gum 70 Gum 71 Gum 72 Gum 73 Gum 74 Gum 75 Gum 76 Gum 77 Gum 78 Gum 79 Gum 80 Gum 81 Gum 82 Gum 83 Gum 84 Gum 85
See also: Gum Nebula

Constellation of Scorpius

Stars

Bayer	α (Antares) β (Acrab) δ (Dschubba) ε (Larawag) ζ¹ ζ² η θ (Sargas) ι¹ ι² κ (Girtab) λ (Shaula) μ¹ (Xamidimura) μ² (Pipirima) ν (Jabbah) ξ ο π (Fang) ρ (Iklil) σ (Alniyat) τ (Paikauhale) υ (Lesath) χ ψ ω¹ ω² G (Fuyue) H (β Nor) N (α Nor) Q
Flamsteed	1 (b) 2 (A) 3 4 11 12 (c¹) 13 (c²) 16 18 22 (i) 25 27
Variable	T U RR RS RV RY RZ AH AI AK AR BM CL FQ HK KQ V393 V453 V455 V482 V500 V636 V701 V703 V718 V728 V745 V760 V856 V861 V866 V884 V893 V900 V905 V906 V907 V911 V913 V915 V918 V919 V921 V922 V923 V929 V933 V949 V951 V952 V957 V965 V970 V973 V975 V992 V1003 V1007 V1018 V1026 V1033 V1034 V1036 V1040 V1051 V1058 V1068 V1073 (k) V1074 V1075 V1077 V1094 V1104 V1186 V1187 V1280 V1292 V1294 V1309
HR	5906 5910 5934 5965 5969 5973 5996 5998 5999 6000 6001 6003 6006 6007 6012 6015 6017 6044 6051 6053 6054 6061 6070 (d) 6076 6077 6078 6080 6094 6097 6100 6106 6122 6145 6160 6178 6192 6206 6209 6210 6211 6214 6218 6221 6244 6260 6266 6272 6273 6282 6298 6311 6316 6331 6338 6344 6366 6371 6381 6382 6389 6398 6403 6405 6409 6420 6454 6456 6460 6470 6501 6503 6517 6523 6539 6557 6558 6583 6587 6597 6613 6628 6643 6648 6649 6651 6653 6657 6658 6668 6671 6675 6678 6682 6683
HD	143567 144432 145377 146436 149274 150248 150420 152424 153234 153950 (Rapeto) 155448 155985 158042 159868 162020
Other	Gliese 618 Gliese 667 Gliese 682 CD -35 11760 CD -38 10980 EPIC 204278916 EPIC 204376071 GCRT J1745−3009 GSC 06214-00210 GX 340+0 GX 349+2 H1-36 H1743-322 HIP 79431 (Sharjah) IGR J17091-3624 IGR J17252−3616 IRAS 17163−3907 K2-24 K2-33 LSS 4067 MOA-2008-BLG-310L MXB 1735-44 OAO 1657-415 OGLE-2005-BLG-071L OGLE-2005-BLG-390L OGLE-2006-BLG-109L Oph 162225-240515 Pismis 24-1 PSR B1620−26 PSR B1706−44 PSR B1737−30 PSR J1614−2230 Rapid Burster ROXs 12 1RXS J160929.1−210524 1RXS J170849.0−400910 Scorpius X-1 Th 28 Trumpler 27-1 Trumpler 27-27 Trumpler 27-28 Trumpler 27-102 Trumpler 27-105 4U 1700-37 4U 1702-42 4U 1705-44 4U 1724-307 4U 1728-34 4U 1746-371 UScoCTIO 108 VVV-WIT-07 WASP-17 (Dìwö) WR 86 WR 93b Wray 17-96 XTE J1720−318 XTE J1739−302 XTE J1751−305

Exoplanets	HD 145377 b HD 153950 b HD 159868 b HIP 78530 b HIP 79431 b K2-24b c K2-33b OGLE-2005-BLG-071Lb OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb OGLE-2007-BLG-368Lb PSR B1620−26 b (Methuselah) WASP-17b V921 Scorpii b

Star
clusters

NGC	6124 6139 6144 6231 6242 6256 6281 6380 6388 6400 6441 6453 6480 6496
Other	Messier 4 Messier 7 Messier 80 Trumpler 27

Nebulae

NGC	6072 6153 6302 6334 6337 6357

Galaxies

NGC	6000
Other	PKS 1622-297 TXS 1545-234