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Sammy Ward - Wikipedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Sammy Ward
Born	Samuel Ward 1963 Short Strand, Belfast, Northern Ireland
Died	(1992-10-31)31 October 1992 (aged 30) Beechfield Street, Short Strand, Belfast, Northern Ireland
Organisations	Irish People's Liberation Organisation Irish People's Liberation Organisation - Belfast Brigade

Samuel Ward (c. 1963 – 31 October 1992) was the leader of the Irish People's Liberation Organisation's Belfast Brigade. The IPLO was formed in 1986 by disaffected and expelled members of the Irish National Liberation Army.^[1]^[2] Following its split from and feud with the INLA, the IPLO split into two factions: the 'Army Council' (led by Jimmy Brown) and the 'Belfast Brigade' (led by Ward).^[3]

During its Halloween 1992 purge of the IPLO (dubbed the "Night of Long Knives"), the Provisional IRA killed Ward while he was inside the Seán Martin GAA club on Beechfield Street in the Short Strand area of Belfast.^[3]^[4] Following this large-scale operation by the Provisionals, both factions of the IPLO surrendered and disbanded.^[3]^[5]^[6]^[7]

References

^ Leslie, David (15 May 2014). Lighting Candles: A Paramilitary's War with Death, Drugs and Demons. Black & White Publishing. ISBN 9781845027940. While Manny was in jail, the arguing and infighting had come to a head and a core of the INLA, including Gerard Steenson, Manny's good friend Jimmy Brown and Martin 'Rook' O'Prey, had broken away and set up the Irish People's Liberation Organisation. At Brown's behest, a political wing, the Republican Socialist Collective was also formed.
^ van Um, Eric (2012). "Why Militant Groups Fight Each Other: The Role of Support, Political Objectives and Revenge" (PDF). Economics of Security (64). Berlin. ISSN 1868-0488. In 1986, fighting between IPLO and INLA started shortly after IPLO had been formed by expelled members as a breakaway faction of the INLA.
^ ^a ^b ^c McDonald, Henry; Holland, Jack (2010). I.N.L.A - Deadly Divisions. Poolbeg Press. pp. 424, 426, 429, 430. ISBN 978-1-84223-438-9.
^ "CAIN: Sutton Index of Deaths". cain.ulster.ac.uk. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
^ "IRA's Night of Long Knives' part in peace process". IrishCentral.com. 8 November 2019. Retrieved 28 May 2024.
^ Monaghan, Rachel (2002). "The Return of "Captain Moonlight": Informal Justice in Northern Ireland" (PDF). Studies in Conflict & Terrorism. 25 (1): 41–56. doi:10.1080/105761002753404140. ... and in October 1992 took action against the Irish People's Liberation Organisation (IPLO). The IPLO had a history of criminal activities including a gang rape of a woman in the Divis flats complex and involvement in the growing drug trade. The IRA's action resulted in the execution of one IPLO member and the shooting of a further 20 members with assault rifles in Belfast. The IPLO disbanded shortly after this.
^ Holland, Jack (16 February 2011). "A View North Shocking! Paramilitaries running North's rackets". Irish Echo. Retrieved 11 April 2024. The Irish People's Liberation Organization, a splinter from the Irish National Liberation Army, under the direction of Jimmy Brown, were the first to commence with the importation of drugs on a sizable scale, mainly ecstasy tablets popular at rave parties in the late 1980s. Brown, who fancied himself as something of an intellectual, justified this by pointing to the guerrillas in Colombia, who finance their war against the state through proceeds from the trade in cocaine. The IPLO was forced to disband by the Provisional IRA in November 1992. But the drug trade goes on, mainly in the hands of elements within the Ulster Defense Association.

Sources

Henry McDonald, INLA - Deadly Divisions, Paperback: 469 pages; Poolbeg Press Ltd (April 26, 2010); ISBN 1-84223-438-2; ISBN 978-1-84223-438-9

v t e INLA and the IRSP
General	The Troubles Official Sinn Féin Official IRA Irish Republican Socialist Movement The Starry Plough Marxism–Leninism Blanket protest Dirty protest HM Prison Maze Anti H-Block 1981 Irish hunger strike July 1997 riots Northern Ireland peace process Good Friday Agreement Organized crime INLA Belfast Brigade
Attacks	Central Bar bombing Assassination of Airey Neave 1982 Divis Flats bombing Droppin Well bombing Darkley killings (denied) 1994 Shankill Road killings Newtownhamilton bombing
Personalities	Jimmy Brown Ronnie Bunting Patrick Campbell Seamus Costello Miriam Daly Mickey Devine Bernadette Devlin Gino Gallagher Raymond Gilmour Tony Gregory Dessie Grew Seamus Grew Stephen King Harry Kirkpatrick Kevin Lynch Dominic McGlinchey Christopher "Crip" McWilliams Colm Murphy Patsy O'Hara Dessie O'Hare Martin "Rook" O'Prey Michael Plunkett Thomas "Ta" Power Mary Reid Gerard Steenson Hugh Torney Sammy Ward Johnnie White
Associates	Irish Republican Socialist Committees of North America
Derivatives	Independent Socialist Party Irish People's Liberation Organisation Republican Socialist Collective
Prominent killings	Billy McMillen Henry Byrne John Morley William McCullough John McKeague Patrick Joseph Morrissey Trevor King Billy Wright

Provisional Irish Republican Army

General

Organisation

Actions

1970–1979	Battle of St Matthew's Falls Curfew 1970 Crossmaglen bombing Scottish soldiers' killings Red Lion bombing Balmoral showroom bombing Abercorn bombing Donegall Street bombing Battle at Springmartin Battle of Lenadoon Bloody Friday Claudy bombing Newry customs bombing Old Bailey bombing Honey Trap killings King's Cross & Euston bombings Coleraine bombings 1973 Westminster bombing M62 bombing Clogher attack Houses of Parliament bombing Tower of London bombing Guildford pub bombings Harrow School bombing Brooks's Club bombing Woolwich pub bombing British Airways bombing attempt Birmingham pub bombings London pillar box bombings Talbot Arms bombing Bristol bombing Telephone exchange bombings 1974 Oxford Street bombing Carlton Tower & Portman Hotel shootings Mountainview attack Bayardo Bar attack Forkhill attack Caterham Arms bombing Tullyvallen massacre London Hilton bombing Piccadilly bombing Trattoria Fiore bombing Scott's Oyster Bar bombing Walton's Restaurant bombing Drummuckavall ambush Balcombe Street siege Kingsmill massacre West Ham station attack Olympia bombing Store bar shooting Stag Inn attack Garryhinch ambush Jonesborough Gazelle downing La Mon restaurant bombing Crossmaglen ambush Warrenpoint ambush Brussels bombing Dungannon attack
1980–1989	Dunmurry train bombing Lough Foyle attacks Glasdrumman ambush 1981 Bessbrook attack Chelsea Barracks bombing Hyde Park & Regent's Park bombings Harrods bombing Royal Artillery Barracks bombing Brighton hotel bombing Ballygawley land mine attack Newry mortar attack Ballygawley attack Enniskillen mortar attack RUC Birches barracks attack Rheindahlen bombing Loughgall ambush Operation Flavius Corporals killings Lisburn bombing Aughanduff Lynx shootdown 1988 Netherlands attacks Glamorgan barracks bombing Inglis Barracks bombing Ballygawley bus bombing Jonesborough ambush Clive Barracks bombing Deal barracks bombing Mayobridge attack Derryard attack
1990–1991	Derrygorry Gazelle downing South Armagh sniper Downpatrick roadside bomb Operation Conservation 1990 Wembley bombing Carlton Club bombing London Stock Exchange bombing Honourable Artillery Company bombing Lichfield gun attack RFA Fort Victoria bombing Proxy bombings Downing Street mortar attack Paddington & Victoria station bombings Mullacreevie ambush Glenanne barracks bombing Coagh ambush Musgrave Park Hospital bombing Crumlin Road Prison bombing
1992–1997	Teebane bombing Clonoe ambush London Bridge bombing Staples Cnr bombing Baltic Exchange bombing Sussex Arms bombing Cloghoge attack Coalisland riots Forensic Science Laboratory bombing Stoke Newington Road bomb 1992 Manchester bombing Night of the Long Knives 1993 Harrods bombing Warrington bombings Cullaville occupation Camden bombing Bishopsgate bombing Finchley Road bombings Battle of Newry Road Shankill Road bombing 1993 Fivemiletown ambush Heathrow attacks Crossmaglen Lynx downing Drumcree conflict Docklands bombing Aldwych bus bombing 1996 Manchester bombing Hammersmith Bridge bombing Osnabrück mortar attack Thiepval barracks bombing Coalisland attack 1997 Northern Ireland riots