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Anti H-Block | |
|---|---|
| Leader | Collective leadership |
| Founded | 1981 |
| Dissolved | 1981 |
| Merged into | Sinn Féin |
| Ideology | Irish republicanism The Five Demands |
| Part of a series on |
| Irish republicanism |
|---|
 |
Anti H-Block was the political label used in 1981 by supporters of the Irish republican hunger strike who were standing for election in both Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. "H-Block" was a metonym for the Maze Prison and its H-shaped cell blocks, within which the hunger strike was taking place.
Bobby Sands, the first of these hunger strikers, was nominated in the Westminster April 1981 by-election in Fermanagh and South Tyrone. After his electoral victory and death, the Representation of the People Act was passed to prevent convicted prisoners serving sentences of more than one year from serving in the UK parliament. In response, Owen Carron, Sands's agent, stood as an "Anti-H-Block Proxy Political Prisoner", winning a seat in the subsequent August by-election.[1][2]
In the Republic of Ireland's general election in June 1981 twelve candidates ran under the Anti H-Block banner, nine of whom were prisoners. Kieran Doherty and Paddy Agnew won seats in Cavan–Monaghan and Louth respectively, while both Joe McDonnell and Martin Hurson narrowly missed election in Sligo–Leitrim and Longford–Westmeath.[3] Eamonn Sweeney noted that:
Altogether, H-Block candidates averaged 15% of the first-preference vote in constituencies they contested. This was a remarkable performance, given that they had been without money, television exposure (because of censorship laws), or any sympathetic media. It was probably beyond the wildest dreams of even their director of elections, Daithi O Conaill, who said the day before the election that "if the H-Block prisoner candidates get between 2,500 and 3,000 votes they will have put up a credible performance"[4]
The successes of the Anti H-Block movement galvanised the Irish republican movement, and led to the entry the following year into mainstream electoral politics of Sinn Féin.
Candidates in the 1981 Irish general election
[edit]Nine candidates were officially endorsed by the Anti H-Block committee, eight of which were imprisoned at the time.
Candidates:
Denotes candidates elected to Dáil Éireann
| Constituency | Candidate | Paramilitary and political affiliation | 1st Pref. votes | % | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cavan–Monaghan | Kieran Doherty | Provisional IRA – Sinn Féin | 9,121 | 15.10 | Elected on the fourth count |
| Clare[5] | Tom McAllister | INLA – Irish Republican Socialist Party | 2,120 | 4.68 | |
| Cork North-Central | Mairéad Farrell | Provisional IRA – Sinn Féin | 2,751 | 6.05 | |
| Dublin West[6] | Anthony O'Hara | INLA – Irish Republican Socialist Party | 3,034 | 6.49 | Candidate was the brother of Patsy O'Hara |
| Kerry North[7] | Seán McKenna | Provisional IRA – Sinn Féin | 3,860 | 11.26 | |
| Longford–Westmeath[8] | Martin Hurson | Provisional IRA – Sinn Féin | 4,573 | 10.08 | Eliminated on the sixth count |
| Louth | Paddy Agnew | Provisional IRA – Sinn Féin | 8,368 | 18.29 | Topped the Poll |
| Sligo–Leitrim | Joe McDonnell | Provisional IRA – Sinn Féin | 5,639 | 11.82 | Eliminated on fourth count |
| Waterford[9] | Kevin Lynch | INLA – Irish Republican Socialist Party | 3,337 | 7.63 |
References
[edit]Literature
[edit]- Sweeney, Eamonn, Down down deeper and down : Ireland in the 70s and 80s; Dublin : Gill & Macmillan, 2010.
- End of Hungerstrike Statement (by the prisoners), at the Internet Archive
Footnotes
[edit]- ^ "The Hunger Strike of 1981 – A Chronology of Main Events". CAIN. Archived from the original on 31 May 2007. Retrieved 26 May 2007.
- ^ Nicholas Whyte (25 March 2003). "Fermanagh and South Tyrone 1973–1982". Northern Ireland Social and Political Archive. Archived from the original on 7 June 2007. Retrieved 26 May 2007.
- ^ "ElectionsIreland.org: 22nd Dail - Sligo Leitrim First Preference Votes". electionsireland.org. Archived from the original on 19 July 2020. Retrieved 19 July 2020.
- ^ Down Down Deeper and Down: Ireland in the 70's and 80's pg 233 – Eamonn Sweeney
- ^ "ElectionsIreland.org: Thomas McAllister". electionsireland.org. Archived from the original on 19 July 2020. Retrieved 19 July 2020.
- ^ "ElectionsIreland.org: 22nd Dail - Dublin West First Preference Votes". electionsireland.org. Archived from the original on 19 July 2020. Retrieved 19 July 2020.
- ^ "ElectionsIreland.org: 22nd Dail - Kerry North First Preference Votes". electionsireland.org. Archived from the original on 19 July 2020. Retrieved 19 July 2020.
- ^ "ElectionsIreland.org: 22nd Dail - Longford Westmeath First Preference Votes". electionsireland.org. Archived from the original on 19 July 2020. Retrieved 19 July 2020.
- ^ "ElectionsIreland.org: 22nd Dail - Waterford First Preference Votes". electionsireland.org. Archived from the original on 19 July 2020. Retrieved 19 July 2020.
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