Sauromalus slevini

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Sauromalus slevini - Wikipedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Sauromalus sleveni ^[1]
Conservation status
Near Threatened (IUCN 3.1)^[2]
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Order:	Squamata
Suborder:	Iguania
Family:	Iguanidae
Genus:	Sauromalus
Species:	S. slevini
Binomial name
*Sauromalus slevini* Van Denburgh, 1922

Sauromalus slevini, also known as the Monserrat chuckwalla or Slevin's chuckwalla, is a species of chuckwalla belonging to the family Iguanidae. S. slevini is native to three small islands in the Sea of Cortés.

Taxonomy and etymology

The generic name, Sauromalus, is said to be a combination of two ancient Greek words: sauros meaning "lizard" and omalus meaning "flat".^[3] The proper ancient Greek word for "flat" is however homalos (ὁμαλός) or homalēs (ὁμαλής).^[4]

Its specific name, slevini, is a latinized form of the surname of American zoologist Joseph Richard Slevin (1881–1957), who was Curator of Herpetology at the California Academy of Sciences from 1928 to 1957.^[5]^[6]

The species was first described by American herpetologist John Van Denburgh in 1922.^[7]

The common name, "chuckwalla", derives from the Shoshone word, tcaxxwal, or the Cahuilla word, caxwal, transcribed by Spaniards as chacahuala.

Geographic range

S. slevini is found on three islands in the Sea of Cortés: Isla del Carmen, Isla Coronados, and Isla Monserrate.^[8] It can be found at altitudes from sea level to 489 m (1,604 ft).^[2]

Conservation status

Due to its restricted range S. slevinii is a CITES protected animal.

Description

S. slevini has the following coloration. The base color on its back is brown or olive green, with a yellow middorsal band, but can be spotted, marbled, or cross-banded with red or darker brown. The head, tail, and limbs are unicolor, and the tail may be faintly cross-banded with darker brown. The ventral surfaces are dull brown, marbled or spotted with dark brown, especially on the throat.

Habitat and diet

The Montserrat chuckwalla prefers dwelling in lava flows and rocky areas with nooks and crannies available for a retreat when threatened. These areas are typically vegetated by creosote bush and cholla cacti, which form the staple of its diet as the chuckwalla is primarily herbivorous. The chuckwalla also feeds on leaves, fruit and flowers of annuals, perennial plants, and even weeds; insects represent a supplementary prey if eaten at all.

Reproduction

S. slevini is oviparous.^[8]

References

^ "Sauromalus slevini ". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 27 September 2008.
^ ^a ^b Montgomery, C.E.; Hollingsworth, B.; Kartje, M.; Reynoso, V.H. (2019). "Sauromalus slevini". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T174484A1414913. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T174484A1414913.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
^ Avise, John C. (2015). Sketches of Nature: A Geneticist's Look at the Biological World During a Golden Era of Molecular Ecology. Elsevier Science. p. 142. ISBN 978-0-12-801960-3.
^ Liddell HG, Scott R (1940). A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
^ Hollingsworth, Bradford D. (2004). "The Evolution of Iguanas: an Overview and a Checklist of Species". Iguanas: Biology and Conservation. University of California Press. pp. 43–44. doi:10.1525/9780520930117-006. ISBN 978-0-520-23854-1.
^ Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. (Sauromalus slevini, p. 245).
^ Van Denburgh, John (1922). "The Reptiles of Western North America. Volume I. Lizards" and "Volume II. Snakes and Turtles". Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences 10: 1–612; 613–1028. (Sauromalus slevini, new species, p. 97).
^ ^a ^b Species Sauromalus slevini at The Reptile Database www.reptile-database.org.

Iguanidae

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata

Extant species

Amblyrhynchus	Marine iguana
Brachylophus	Brachylophus bulabula Lau banded iguana Gau iguana Fiji crested iguana
Cachryx	Campeche spinytail iguana Yucatán spinytail iguana
Conolophus	Galapagos land iguana Galapagos pink land iguana Santa Fe land iguana
Ctenosaura	Northeastern spinytail iguana Utila iguana Balsas armed lizard Yellowback spinytail iguana Cape spinytail iguana Honduran paleate spinytail iguana Oaxacan spinytail iguana Roatán spinytail iguana Guatemalan spinytail iguana Ctenosaura pectinata Club tail iguana Black spinytail iguana
Cyclura	Turks and Caicos rock iguana Jamaican iguana Rhinoceros iguana Northern Bahamian rock iguana Grand Cayman blue iguana Cuban iguana Lesser Caymans iguana Anegada ground iguana Ricord's iguana San Salvador iguana Mona ground iguana
Dipsosaurus	Desert iguana Catalina desert iguana
Iguana	Green iguana Lesser Antillean iguana
Sauromalus	Common chuckwalla Angel Island chuckwalla Monserrat chuckwalla San Esteban chuckwalla Spotted chuckwalla

Taxon identifiers
Sauromalus slevini	Wikidata: Q115692 Wikispecies: Sauromalus slevini ADW: Sauromalus_slevini CoL: 79RM5 EoL: 793792 GBIF: 2459710 iNaturalist: 35334 IRMNG: 10365189 ITIS: 586024 IUCN: 174484 Observation.org: 103011 RD: slevini

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