Spanish immigration to Peru

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Spanish immigration to Peru - Wikipedia

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Spanish Peruvian
Hispano Peruano
Saint Rose of Lima
Total population
12,000,000, including mix with other ancestries 18,800,000 (62.6% of population)
Regions with significant populations
Nearly all over the coastal areas and amongst other places.
Languages
Peruvian Spanish, Andalusian
Religion
Predominantly Roman Catholicism
Related ethnic groups
Spaniards, Spanish diaspora

Spanish people
Part of a series on the
Rojigualda (historical Spanish flag)
Regional groups
Andalusians Aragonese Asturians (including Vaqueiros de Alzada) Balearics Basques Canary Islanders (incl. Isleños) Cantabrians Castilians Catalans Criollos Extremadurans Galicians Leonese Valencians Other groups Berbers Erromintxela Gitanos Mercheros Maghrebis Occitans Sephardim (including Iberian Jews and Xuetes)
Significant Spanish diaspora
Andorra Argentina Belgium Brazil Chile Colombia Cuba Dominican Republic France Germany Italy Mexico Netherlands Peru Philippines Puerto Rico Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom United States Uruguay Venezuela
Languages Spanish (AKA Castilian) Basque Catalan Galician Other languages Aragonese Astur-Leonese Caló Catalan Sign Erromintxela Extremaduran Fala Judaeo-Spanish Occitan (AKA Aranese) Portuguese Spanish Sign Valencian Sign
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A Spanish Peruvian is a Peruvian citizen of Spanish descent. Among European Peruvians, the Spanish are the largest group of immigrants to settle in the country.

Origins and passage

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The regions from which most Spanish immigrants originated were Extremadura, Castilla y León, País Vasco, Andalucía, Galicia and Cataluña. Most of the colonial immigrants, in consequence, went from the southern regions of Spain to what now is considered the coastal Peruvian region.^{[clarification needed]} These immigrants generally departed from the ports of Cadiz and Sevilla and arrived in the ports of Callao, Mollendo and Pimentel. Many of these immigrants made a stopover in a Caribbean port before arriving in Peru. Before the development of the Panama Canal ships were forced to go around Cape Horn to reach Peruvian ports. Although not many, a few travelers made their way from Europe to Peru via the Amazon River. These immigrants would seek passage on the many commercial ships going to retrieve rubber in Peru to bring back to Europe. These immigrants would arrive at the river port of Iquitos. Almost all of them stayed there. These immigrants numbered no more than a few thousand.

There are also a group of Hebrew origin (Sephardim), although most emigrated in the Colonial era. The Sephardim who emigrated to different countries to late nineteenth and twentieth centuries were mainly from North Africa, Anatolia and the Balkans, and not necessarily from Spain or Portugal.^[1] As a result of Alhambra Decree and the conversions due to the Inquisition in Spain, Portugal and its respective colonies since the late fifteenth century until early nineteenth, mostly emigrated to North Africa, regions of the Ottoman Empire and to a lesser extent Italy, although also to the Netherlands, England and its colonies. However, many also migrated to the Spanish or Portuguese colonies in the Americas in Colonial times, most of them marranos.^[2] Their descendants are mixed people with local population and profess Christianity, especially Catholicism.

Spanish Peruvian institutions and associations

Fondo de Cooperación Hispano Peruano^[3]
Centro Hispano-Peruano
Cooperacion Hispano Peruano
Federación de Asociaciones de Peruanos en España
Embajada De España en Perú
Centro Cultural Hispano Americano
Asociación Hispano-Peruano
Asociación de Genealogía Hispana
Enlace Hispano Americano de Salud
Asociacion de medicos Hispano-Peruanos

Notable Spanish Peruvians

Saint Rose of Lima (Lima, Viceroyalty of Peru) Catholic saint
Nicolás de Piérola (Arequipa, Arequipa) President of Peru on two occasions. from 1879 to 1881 and from 1895 to 1899. The first during the War of the Pacific
Mario Vargas Llosa (Arequipa, Arequipa) Writer who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2010. Nobility in 2011.
Claudio Pizarro (Bellavista, Callao) Former Peruvian soccer player, he is the top scorer Latin American in the Bundesliga and the top scorer for SV Werder Bremen
Luis Castañeda Lossio (Lima) Was mayor of Lima from 2003 to 2010 and again from 2014 to 2018
Alan García (Lima) Was Former president. He served as President of the Republic of Peru in two non-consecutive terms: from 1985 to 1990 and from 2006 to 2011.
José Bernardo de Tagle
José de la Riva Agüero
Luis José de Orbegoso
Manuel Salazar y Baquíjano
Felipe Santiago Salaverry
Juan Crisóstomo Torrico
Francisco Vidal
Manuel Ignacio de Vivanco
Juan Antonio Pezet
Mariano Ignacio Prado
José Balta
Manuel Pardo
Francisco García Calderón
Remigio Morales Bermúdez
Justiniano Borgoño
Manuel Candamo
Eduardo López de Romaña
José Pardo y Barreda
Augusto B. Leguía
Óscar R. Benavides
Manuel Prado Ugarteche
José Bustamante y Rivero
Fernando Belaúnde Terry
Víctor Andrés Belaúnde
Antero Flores Aráoz
Francisco García Calderón Rey
Javier Pérez de Cuéllar
Mariano Eduardo de Rivero y Ustariz
Francisco Morales Bermúdez
Chabuca Granda (Cotabambas, Apurímac) Was a singer-songwriter, record producer, screenwriter and playwright. He composed and wrote a large number of Creole and Afro-Peruvian music songs, as well as poetry and theater and film scripts.
María Julia Mantilla (Trujillo, La Libertad) former beauty queen, winner of Miss World 2004
Claudia Ortiz (Arequipa, Arequipa) former beauty queen, winner of Miss Perú 2003
Miguel Grau Seminario (Paita, Piura) National Hero of Peru, Recognized for his participation in the War of the Pacific
César Miró
Francisco Miró Quesada Cantuarias
Cayetano Heredia
Alberto Tejada Noriega
Hipólito Unanue
Alberto Bustamante Belaunde
Alfonso Ugarte
Juan Diego Flórez (Lima) Is considered one of the best tenors on the current scene, renowned for his performances in bel canto operas.
Susana Villarán
Mercedes Aráoz
Javier Valle Riestra
Martín Adán
Manuel González Prada

References

^ / Los sefardíes en el Perú: Asquenazíes y sefardíes en el Perú del siglo xx
^ / Los sefardíes en el Perú: La gesta del Marrano
^ "::: Fondo de Cooperación Hispano Peruano - Portal de la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional :::". www.aeci.org.pe. Retrieved 10 August 2022.

Ancestry and ethnicity in Peru

Indigenous

Andean	Aymara Huancas Maina Q'ero Quechuas Uros
Amazonian	Achuar Aguano Aguaruna Amahuaca Asháninka Bora Canelos-Quichua Cashibo Harakmbut Huambisas Jibitos Jíbaro Kichwa-Lamista Machiguenga Matsés (Mayoruna) Quijos-Quichua Sápara Secoya Shipibo-Conibo Urarina Yagua Yanesha

Non-indigenous

European	British Croatian French German Italian Polish Portuguese Spanish
Asian	Chinese Indian Japanese Jews B'nai Moshe Korean
Others	African Arab Mestizo Romani people

Category:Ethnic groups in Peru

Spanish diaspora

By country

Africa	Equatorial Guinea South Africa
Asia	Philippines
Europe	France Germany Netherlands Sweden United Kingdom
North America	Belize Canada Costa Rica Cuba Dominican Republic Guatemala Honduras Jamaica Mexico Nicaragua Puerto Rico Trinidad and Tobago United States Asturian Basque Canarian (in Louisiana) Catalan Galician
Oceania	Australia New Zealand US areas of Oceania Hawaii
South America	Argentina Brazil Chile Colombia Peru Uruguay Venezuela

Origins and passage

Spanish Peruvian institutions and associations

Notable Spanish Peruvians

See also

References