The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Odesa, Ukraine.
Timeline of Odesa
Grand Duchy of Lithuania 1415–84
Ottoman Empire 1484–1789
Russian Empire 1789–1917
1917-1922 Revolution
UPR Dec 1917–Nov 1918
OSR Jan–March 1918
UkSSR April–Aug 1919
UkSSR Feb 1920–Dec 1922
USSR 1922–41
Kingdom of Romania (occupation) 1941–44
USSR 1944–91
Ukraine 1991–present
13th to 17th century
| History of Ukraine |
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- 1240 – Tatars begin settling herds in the region.
- 1415 – A settlement of Kachibei (Khadjibey, Hacıbey, Kotsiubiyiv) was first mentioned.[1][2][3]
- 15th century – Khadjibey ceded to Lithuania.
- 1529 – Ottoman conquest.[citation needed]
18th century
- 1764 – Fortress Yeni Dünya built at Khadjibey by Turks.[4][5]
- 1789 – Russian forces take fortress.[5]
- 1791 – Khadjibey annexed to Novorossiya.[5]
- 1794 – Odesa founded by decree of Catherine II of Russia.
- 1795
- Population: 2,250.[4]
- Cathedral of the Transfiguration founded.[6]
19th century
- 1802 – Population: 9,000.[7]
- 1803 – Duc de Richelieu in power.
- 1804 – Commercial school founded.[7]
- 1805
- 1808 – Troitzkaya Church active.[6]
- 1809
- 1812 – Plague.[7]
- 1814 – Population: 25,000.[4]
- 1816 – Louis Alexandre Andrault de Langeron in power.
- 1817 – Richelieu Lyceum established.[8]
- 1819 – Odesa becomes a free port.[9]
- 1821
- Church of the Dormition built.[citation needed]
- Pogrom against Jews.
- 1824 – Odesa becomes "seat of the governors-general of Novorossia and Bessarabia".[4]
- 1825 – Archeological Museum founded.[citation needed]
- 1826
- Fyodor Palen in power.
- Jewish school established.[8]
- Richelieu Monument unveiled.
- 1828 – Imperial Rural Association for Southern Russia founded.[10]
- 1830
- Public library established.[11]
- Vorontsov Palace built.
- 1838 – Plague.[12]
- 1841 – Giant Staircase constructed.
- 1846 - Londonska Hotel opens.[citation needed]
- 1847 – Novobazarnaya Church built.[6]
- 1850 – Population: 100,000.[4]
- 1853
- Crimean War begins.
- Roman Catholic Church rebuilt.[6]
- 1854 – Anglo-French fleet attacks Odesa.
- 1856 – Russian Steam Navigation and Trading Company established.
- 1857 – August 15: Free port status revoked.[9]
- 1859 – Pogrom against Jews.
- 1862
- Odesa Military District established.
- Vorontsov Lighthouse built.
- 1865 – Imperial Novorossiya University established.[4]
- 1866 – Odesa–Balta railway begins operating.[4]
- 1871
- 1873 – Population: 162,814.[13]
- 1874 – Theatre Velikanova built.
- 1875 – Tzar visits Odesa.[6]
- 1876 – Turkish forces attack Odesa.[4]
- 1880 – Horse tramway begins operating.[citation needed]
- 1881
- Steam tramway begins operating.[citation needed]
- Pogrom against Jews.
- 1882 – Population: 217,000.[14]
- 1887 – Theatre built.[15]
- 1894 – Odesa Committee of the Social Democratic Workers Party organized.[16]
- 1895 – St. Panteleimon church consecrated.[citation needed]
- 1897 – Lutheran Church built.[6]
- 1899
- General Post Office built.[6]
- Exchange built.[6]
- Bristol Hotel opens.
- 1900 – Population: 449,673.[4]
20th century
- 1902 – Cadet School active.[6]
- 1905
- June: Potemkin uprising.
- Pogrom against Jews.[16]
- 1906
- 1907 – Myrograph film studio in business.
- 1910
- 1913
- 1917 – City occupied by Ukrainian Tsentral'na Rada, French Army, Red Army, and White Army following the Bolshevik Revolution.[citation needed]
- 1918
- 13 March: Odesa occupied by Central Powers.[19]
- Odesa becomes capital of Odesa Soviet Republic.
- Polytechnic University established.
- December: Odesa occupied by the French Army
- Consulate of Poland opened.[20]
- 1919 – Odesa Film Studio founded.
- 1920 – Red Army in power.
- 1921 – Odesa State Economics University established.
- 1922
- Odesa State Medical Institute established.
- Odesa Zoo opens.
- 1924 – Odesa Philharmonic Theater opens.
- 1926 – State Odesa Russian Drama Theatre established.
- 1928 – Spartak Stadium opens.
- 1933 – School of Stolyarsky established.
- 1935 – Kosior Memorial Stadium built.
- 1936
- The Filatov Institute of Eye Diseases & Tissue Therapy founded.
- Dynamo football club formed.
- 1937 – Mass murder of around 1,000 Poles during the Polish Operation of the NKVD.[21]
- 1941
- August 8-October 16: Siege of Odesa.
- October 17: Axis occupation begins.
- October 22–24: 1941 Odesa massacre.
- Odesa becomes capital of Romanian-administered Transnistria Governorate.[citation needed]
- 1944
- April 10: Red Army takes city; Axis occupation ends.
- ODO Odesa football team active.
- Odesa State Maritime Academy founded.
- 1945 – Odesa designated a Hero City of the USSR.
- 1952 – Railway Station rebuilt.
- 1961
- Odesa International Airport built.
- Pushkin Museum opens.
- 1963 – Avangard rugby club formed.
- 1965 – Population: 735,000.[22]
- 1973 – April 10: Humorina festival begins.[23]
- 1979 – Population: 1,072,000.[24]
- 1984 – Deribasivska Street pedestrianized.
- 1985 – Population: 1,126,000.[25]
- 1989 – Outdoor market relocates to Odesa-Ovidiopol highway.
- 1992 – BIPA-Moda basketball club formed.
- 1994
- Eduard Gurwits becomes mayor.
- New music festival begins.[26]
- 1998 – Rouslan Bodelan becomes mayor.
- 1999 – Odesa Numismatics Museum established.
- 2000 – Quarantine Pier designated free economic zone and port.
21st century
- 2001 – Al-Salam Mosque opens.
- 2003 – Rebuilt Odesa Cathedral consecrated.
- 2005 – Eduard Gurwits becomes mayor again.[27]
- 2007 – Pryvoz Market rebuilt.[citation needed]
- 2010 – Odesa International Film Festival begins.
- 2011
- Chornomorets Stadium built.
- FC SKA Odesa formed.
- Aleksey Kostusyev becomes mayor.[28]
- Population: 1,003,705.
- 2014 – 2014 Odesa clashes.[29]
- 2014 – after Crimea annexation by Russia, Odesa become the main naval base of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.[30]
- 2018 – Population: 993,831 (estimate).[31]
- 2022 – Odesa is being constantly shelled by Russian missiles and the Odesa port is blocked.
- 2025 – On 15 October 2025 on Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy decreed that Odesa had been placed under a city military administration headed by Serhiy Lysak.[32] This happens after Mayor of Odesa Hennadii Trukhanov is removed from office due to him having a Russian passport.[32]
See also
References
- ^ "ОДЕСІ-600. О.В. Болдирєв : Мемуары об Одессе, проза, поэзия, живопись : Одессика - энциклопедия об Одессе" [ODESA-600. O.V. Boldyrev: Memoirs about Odesa, prose, poetry, painting: Odesa - encyclopedia about Odesa]. odessa.club.com.ua (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 9 April 2020.
- ^ "Історія Одеси" [History of Odesa] (in Ukrainian). 2 December 2013. Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
- ^ State Institute of History of Ukraine. "Одеса" [Odesa]. Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine (in Ukraininan) (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 9 April 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Kropotkin & Bealby 1910.
- ^ a b c Murray 1868.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Baedeker 1914.
- ^ a b c d e Meakin 1906.
- ^ a b c d e Zipperstein 1982.
- ^ a b Herlihy 1973.
- ^ Department of Agriculture Ministry of Crown Domains for the World's Columbian Exposition at Chicago (1893), The Industries of Russia: Agriculture and Forestry, vol. 3, St. Petersburg
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ "Leading Libraries of the World: Russia and Finland". American Library Annual. New York: R.R. Bowker Co. 1916. pp. 477–478.
- ^ Koch 1855.
- ^ Hunter, Brian; Paxton, John; Steinberg, S. H.; Epstein, Mortimer; Renwick, Isaac Parker Anderson; Keltie, John Scott; Martin, Frederick (1880). "Russia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590436.
- ^ Hunter, Brian; Paxton, John; Steinberg, S. H.; Epstein, Mortimer; Renwick, Isaac Parker Anderson; Keltie, John Scott; Martin, Frederick (1885). "Russia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590469.
- ^ "Aged Beauty Gets a Face Lift From a Geologist". New York Times. 1 November 1999.
- ^ a b "Odessa". Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe. New York: Yivo Institute for Jewish Research. Archived from the original on 15 October 2014.
- ^ "История Одесского трамвая" [History of the Odesa tram] (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2 November 2017.
- ^ "Russia: Principal Towns: European Russia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440.
- ^ Pope, Stephen; Wheal, Elizabeth-Anne (1995). "Select Chronology". Dictionary of the First World War. Macmillan. p. 523+. ISBN 978-0-85052-979-1.
- ^ Ceranka, Paweł; Szczepanik, Krzysztof (2020). Urzędy konsularne Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej 1918–1945. Informator archiwalny (in Polish). Warszawa: Naczelna Dyrekcja Archiwów Państwowych, Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych. p. 292. ISBN 978-83-65681-93-5.
- ^ Deportacje ludności polskiej do Kazachstanu w 1936 roku. Zarys historyczny (in Polish). Warszawa: Kancelaria Senatu. 2016. p. 37.
- ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966.
- ^ Barry, Ellen (1 April 2013). "New York Times".
- ^ Morton, Henry W.; Stuart, Robert C., eds. (1984). The Contemporary Soviet City. New York: M.E. Sharpe. p. 4. ISBN 978-0-87332-248-5.
- ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Derks, Thea (1998). "Odessa". Tempo. New Series, No. 206.
- ^ "Odessa Mayor". Odesa City Council. Archived from the original on 14 August 2009.
- ^ "Odessa Mayor". Odesa City Council. Archived from the original on 30 September 2011.
- ^ "Ukraine Crisis: Timeline". BBC News. 13 November 2014. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
- ^ "Будівництво бази Військово-морських Сил України в Одесі" [Construction of the Ukrainian Navy base in Odesa]. Український мілітарний портал (in Ukrainian). 19 March 2017. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
- ^ "Table 8 - Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants", Demographic Yearbook – 2020, United Nations
- ^ a b "New leader of Odesa appointed after former mayor dismissed". The Guardian. 15 October 2025. Retrieved 15 October 2025.
Bibliography
- Published before 1950
- Dearborn, H. A. S. (1819), "Odesa", A Memoir on the Commerce and Navigation of the Black Sea, Boston: Wells & Lilly
- Sicard, Charles (1819), An Account of Odesa, Newport, R.I., USA: Printed by William Simons, OL 24661988M
- Bremner, Robert (1840), "Odesa", Excursions in the interior of Russia (2nd ed.), London: H. Colburn
- "Odesa", Hand-book for Northern Europe; including Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia (New ed.), London: John Murray, 1849
- de Demidoff, Anatole (1853), "Odesa", Travels in southern Russia and the Crimea, London: J. Mitchell, OCLC 14437725
- Alden, Henry Mills; Allen, Frederick Lewis; Hartman, Lee Foster; Wells, Thomas Bucklin (1854). "The Steppes, Odessa, and the Crimea". Harper's New Monthly Magazine.
- Koch, Charles W. (1855), The Crimea: with a visit to Odessa, London: Routledge, OCLC 12097882, OL 23534204M
- "Odesa". Hand-book for Travellers in Russia, Poland, and Finland (2nd ed.). London: John Murray. 1868.
- McCulloch, John Ramsay (1877), "Odesa", in Reid, Hugh G. (ed.), A Dictionary, Practical, Theoretical and Historical of Commerce and Commercial Navigation, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., hdl:2027/njp.32101079877088 – via Hathi Trust
- Meakin, Annette M. B. (1906). "Odessa". Russia, Travels and Studies. London: Hurst and Blackett. OCLC 3664651.
- Kropotkin, Peter Alexeivitch; Bealby, John Thomas (1910). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 20 (11th ed.). pp. 3–4.
- Curtis, William Eleroy (1911). "Odesa". Around the Black Sea. New York: Hodder & Stoughton. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t3222tf2d.
- Wood, Ruth Kedzie (1912). "Odesa". The Tourist's Russia. New York: Dodd, Mead and Company. OCLC 526774.
- "Odesa". Russia. Leipzig: Karl Baedeker. 1914. OCLC 1328163.
- Published since 1950
- Dzhumyga, Ievgen. "The Home Front In Odessa During The Great War (July 1914–February 1917): The Gender Aspect Of The Problem." Danubius 31 (2013):pp 223+ online
- Herlihy, Patricia (1973). "Odessa: Staple Trade and Urbanization in New Russia". Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas. Neue Folge, Bd. 21.
- Zipperstein, Steve J. (1982). "Jewish Enlightenment in Odessa: Cultural Characteristics, 1794-1871". Jewish Social Studies. 44 (1): 19–36. JSTOR 4467153.
- Herlihy, Patricia. "The ethnic composition of the city of Odessa in the nineteenth century." Harvard Ukrainian Studies 1.1 (1977): 53–78.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Odesa.
- New York Public Library. Images related to Odesa, various dates.
Images
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Map of Odesa region, 1809 -
Odesa, 1830s -
Odesa, 1850s -
Port Practique, Odesa, c. 1890s -
Unveiling of Catherine II monument, 1900 -
Odesa, 1917
| Countries bordering the Black Sea | |
|---|---|
| Cities | |
1 Disputed statehood/Occupied territory — partial international recognition, but considered by most countries to be part of Georgia. | |
