United Kingdom Independent Broadcasting

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United Kingdom Independent Broadcasting - Wikipedia

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United Kingdom Independent Broadcasting
Predecessor	Independent Television Companies Association (ITCA)
Formation	1981; 43 years ago (1981)
Type	Affiliation of broadcasters
Membership	ITV, Channel 4, S4C
Official language	English, Welsh

United Kingdom Independent Broadcasting (UKIB) is an affiliation of three British independent television production companies and broadcasters. The primary function of its predecessor, the Independent Television Companies Association (ITCA), was to represent independent British television interests as a member of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU). The current members of UKIB are the ITV network centre, the 4 ITV licence holders, Channel 4, and S4C.

History

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UKIB was formed in 1981, when the Association of Independent Radio Contractors (AIRC)^[1] was admitted as an active member of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU). It replaced the Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA), formerly the Independent Television Authority (ITA) as the second British EBU member.

Once ITCA was admitted as a fully active EBU member, the AIRC joined with UKIB to form the Commercial Radio Companies Association (CRCA) in June 1996. In July 2006, it merged with the Radio Advertising Bureau to form Radiocentre, the industry body for UK commercial radio.^[2] Following the merger, CRCA cancelled its EBU membership.^[3]^[4]

The IBA continued to exist until it was disbanded by the Broadcasting Act 1990, which replaced it with the Independent Television Commission (ITC) and the Radio Authority.^[5]

Members

Service name	Broadcast area	Licence holder^[6]	Broadcast since^{[Note 1]}	Parent company	EBU abbreviation
ITV Network
ITV1 STV UTV	United Kingdom, Channel Islands, and Isle of Man	ITV Network Limited	1955	ITV plc STV Group plc	UKIB/ITV
ITV (Channel 3) companies
ITV Anglia	East of England	ITV Broadcasting Limited	1959	ITV plc	UKIB/ITV/ANG
ITV Border	England–Scotland border	ITV Broadcasting Limited	1961	ITV plc	UKIB/ITV/BTV
ITV Central	Midlands^{[Note 2]}	ITV Broadcasting Limited	1956	ITV plc	UKIB/ITV/CEN
ITV Channel Television	Channel Islands	ITV Broadcasting Limited	1962	ITV plc	UKIB/ITV/CHA
ITV Granada	North West England^{[Note 3]} and Isle of Man^{[Note 4]}	ITV Broadcasting Limited	1956	ITV plc	UKIB/ITV/GRA
ITV London (Carlton)	London Weekday	ITV Broadcasting Limited	1955	ITV plc	UKIB/ITV/LDN
ITV London (LWT)	London Weekend	ITV Broadcasting Limited	1955	ITV plc	UKIB/ITV/LDN
ITV Meridian	South and South East England	ITV Broadcasting Limited	1958	ITV plc	UKIB/ITV/MER
ITV Tyne Tees	North East England	ITV Broadcasting Limited	1959	ITV plc	UKIB/ITV/TTT
ITV Wales	Wales	ITV Broadcasting Limited	1958	ITV plc	UKIB/ITV/WALES
ITV West	West of England	ITV Broadcasting Limited	1958	ITV plc	UKIB/ITV/WEST
ITV West Country	South West England	ITV Broadcasting Limited	1961	ITV plc	UKIB/ITV/WES
ITV Yorkshire	Yorkshire, Lincolnshire, and North Norfolk	ITV Broadcasting Limited	1956	ITV plc	UKIB/ITV/YTV
STV Central	Central Scotland	STV Central Limited	1957	STV Group plc	UKIB/STV
STV North	North of Scotland	STV North Limited	1961	STV Group plc	UKIB/STVN
UTV	Northern Ireland	UTV Limited	1959	ITV plc	UKIB/ITV/UTV
Channel 4
Channel 4	England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland^{[Note 5]}	Channel 4	1982	Channel Four Television Corporation	UKIB/C4
S4C
S4C	Wales	Sianel 4 Cymru/Channel 4 Wales	1982	S4C Authority	UKIB/S4C

Digital channels

Besides the main ITV, Channel 4, and S4C channels, there are several digital-only channels (ITV2, ITV3, ITV4, CITV and ITVBe) owned by ITV plc and E4, More4, Film4, 4seven and 4Music operated by Channel 4.

Eurovision Song Contest

The United Kingdom's entries in the Eurovision Song Contest have been entered by the BBC each time. However, the United Kingdom's Junior Eurovision Song Contest entries were broadcast and selected by ITV from 2003 to 2005, before ITV withdrew in 2006 due to low viewing figures. ITV were also set to host the 2004 contest in Manchester, but pulled out of hosting due to financial and scheduling issues, as well as the previous years poor viewing figures. The contest was eventually held in Lillehammer, Norway.^[7]

S4C announced on 9 May 2018 that Wales would debut at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2018 held in Minsk, Belarus.^[8] However, S4C withdrew from the contest in 2020, citing the COVID-19 pandemic as the reason for their withdrawal, and have not returned since.^[9] On 25 August 2022, it was confirmed that the United Kingdom would return to the contest in 2022 in Yerevan, Armenia, with the BBC replacing ITV as the country's broadcaster.^[10]

Notes and references

Footnotes

^ First broadcast in that region and not since the first franchises were held
^ Up to 1968, the service for the Midlands region was provided by ATV from Monday to Friday and by ABC Weekend TV at weekends.
^ Up to 1968, the service for a single Northern area consisting of both the current North West region and most of the current Yorkshire region was provided by Granada Television from Monday to Friday and by ABC Weekend TV at weekends.
^ Coverage was transferred from ITV Border and Tyne Tees to ITV Granada following digital switch-over in the Isle of Man in July 2009.
^ Now available in Wales but is designated for the rest of the United Kingdom

References

^ Barnard, Stephen (2000). Studying Radio. London: Arnold. p. 76. ISBN 9780340719664.
^ "Facts - History". 31 May 2015. Archived from the original on 31 May 2015.
^ "european-broadcasting-union-ebu-directory-cullen-international". yumpu.com.
^ "2007 EBU Directory". 21 May 2018 – via Internet Archive.
^ "BFI Screenonline: 1990 Broadcasting Act". www.screenonline.org.uk. Retrieved 7 August 2022.
^ "Channel 3 (ITV)". Ofcom. Retrieved 27 September 2007.
^ "Confirmation of Manchester as original host". 4 October 2012. Archived from the original on 4 October 2012.
^ "Chwilio am Seren". junioreurovision.cymru. S4C. 9 May 2018. Retrieved 9 May 2018.
^ Farren, Neil (14 July 2020). "Wales: Withdraws From Junior Eurovision". Eurovoix. Retrieved 14 July 2020.
^ "United Kingdom returns to Junior Eurovision". Junioreurovision.tv. European Broadcasting Union. 25 August 2022.

External links

Links to related articles

Members of the European Broadcasting Union

Active
members

Current	ARD BR DLR DW HR MDR NDR RB RBB SR SWR WDR ARMR ARMTV BBC BHRT BNR BNT ČRo ČT CyBC DR ENRS EPTV ERR ER ETV ERSL ERT ERA GPB GRF FMM FTV RF HRT HR İCTI İR İTV JRTV KAN LNC LRT LSM LR LTV MMD MRT MTVA Duna NPO AVROTROS BNNVARA EO HUMAN KRO-NCRV MAX NOS NTR ON PowNed Ster VPRO WNL Zwart NRK NTU ORF PBS PR RAI ROR RTBF RTCG RTÉ RTL RTP RTS RTSH RTT RT TT RTVA RTVE RNE TVE RTVSLO RÚV SMRTV SNRT SRG SSR SRT SR SVT UR STVR SU TDA TG4 TL TRM TRT TVM (MC) TV 2 (DK) TV 2 (NO) TVP TVR UKIB C4 ITV S4C STV VR VRT Yle ZDF
Suspended	BTRC C1R RDO MK OP VGTRK
Former	A3R C+ C1O COPE CRCA ČST E1 ERTT GRMC RMC TMC IBA (GB) IBA (IL) ITA ITCA JRT LJBC MBA MR MTV (FI) MTV (HU) NERIT OFRT ORTF RTF RTVS SER SRo STV TDF TF1 TMC TV4 UJRT

Associate
members

Current

ABC (AU)
ABC (US)
ACORAB
APM
C13 (CL)
CBC/SRC (CA)
CBS
CMG
- CCTV
  - CGTN
- CNR
- CRI
FPA
Free
ICRT
IRIB
KA
KBS
MBC (MU)
NBAB
NBC (US)
NHK
NPR
ORTAS
PART
RB
RNZ
RTHK
RTM
SBS
SMG
TBS
TEME
TVNZ
WFMT

Former

4TA
ABERT
AFMN
AIR
AMÉRICA
ANB
ATEC
ATV
BCB
C7
C12
C13 (AR)
CBC (BB)
CBC (LK)
CMRT
CNN
CPB
CTV
DA
EBC
EMI
EURT
FTN
GBC
GBS
GLOBO
GRTS
IBB
IRV
JBC
JCC
IBTE
KBTS
KNR
LBC
MBC (MW)
MBC (KR)
MBS
MPR
NACB
NAEB
NBC (NG)
NBC (PNG)
NET
NTV
NTVC
NYPR
ORTN
PANTEL
PBC
PTV
QR
QTBC
RCR
RCTV
RD
REI
RN
RNT
RP
RRI
RTC
RTG
RTI
RTM
RTS
RTV
SABC
SABTVS
SLBC
STS
T2
TBC
TCM
TFM/JOAU-FM
TH
TIM
TIME
TSM
TSN
TVA
TVB
TVM (MR)
TVN
TVRI
UAERTVD
USIA
VK
VV
VZ
WGBH
ZBC

Approved
participants

Current	Arte CAT Cellnex Euronews INA JPMRD RTV TV5Monde
Former	Abertis AH IETV MEBC RETE RTRN SNTC URTI

Media in the United Kingdom

UK national newspapers, magazines, and other periodicals

Newspapers
(History, Circulation)

Broadsheet	Financial Times The Daily Telegraph The Sunday Telegraph The Sunday Times
Compact	i The Times The Guardian The Observer
Middle-market	Daily Express Daily Mail The Mail on Sunday
Tabloid	Daily Mirror Sunday Mirror Morning Star The Sunday People Daily Star Daily Star Sunday The Sun Sunday Sport Weekend Sport Midweek Sport

Magazines and
other periodicals

Radio in the UK

National
stations

BBC	BBC Radio 1 BBC Radio 1Xtra BBC Radio 2 BBC Radio 3 BBC Radio 4 BBC Radio 4 Extra BBC Radio 5 Live BBC Radio 5 Sports Extra BBC Radio 6 Music BBC Asian Network BBC World Service BBC National DAB (multiplex)
Independent / commercial	Absolute Radio Network BFBS Radio Capital Capital Xtra Classic FM Digital One (multiplex) Gold Greatest Hits Radio Heart Hits Radio Jazz FM Kiss Network LBC LBC News Magic Magic Classical Premier Christian Radio RNIB Connect Radio Sound Digital (multiplex) Smooth Radio talkSPORT TalkRadio Times Radio UCB UK Virgin Radio UK Radio X

Regional
and local
stations

BBC	List of BBC Local Radio stations BBC Radio Scotland BBC Radio nan Gàidheal BBC Radio Ulster BBC Radio Foyle BBC Radio Wales BBC Radio Cymru Cymru 2
Independent / commercial	List of community radio stations List of local commercial radio stations List of semi-national / regional analogue and digital radio stations

Other
stations

Other

Television in the UK

Principal
channels
(List)

BBC	BBC One BBC Two BBC Three BBC Four BBC News BBC Parliament BBC Alba BBC Scotland CBBC CBeebies
ITV	ITV1/STV/UTV ITV2 ITV3 ITV4 ITVBe
Channel 4/S4C	Channel 4 S4C E4 E4 Extra Film4 More4 4seven
Paramount	Channel 5 5Star 5USA 5Select 5Action Comedy Central Comedy Central Extra MTV MTV Music MTV Hits MTV 80s MTV 90s Nickelodeon Nicktoons Nick Jr. Nick Jr. Too
Sky UK	Challenge Sky Arts Sky Atlantic Sky Cinema Sky Comedy Sky Crime Sky Documentaries Sky History Sky History 2 Sky Kids Sky Max Sky Mix Sky Nature Sky News Sky Replay Sky Sci-Fi Sky Showcase Sky Sports Box Office Sky Sports F1 Sky Sports News Sky Sports Racing Sky Sports Sky Witness
UKTV	U&Alibi U&Dave U&Drama U&Eden U&Gold U&W U&Yesterday
Warner Bros. Discovery	Animal Planet Boomerang Cartoon Network Cartoonito CNN International Discovery Channel Discovery History Discovery Science Discovery Turbo DMAX Eurosport 1 Eurosport 2 Food Network HGTV Investigation Discovery Quest Quest Red Really TLC TNT Sports
Narrative Entertainment UK Limited	Great! Action Great! Movies Great! Romance Great! Real Great! TV Pop Pop Max

Services
and
platforms

Current

Amazon Prime Video
BBC iPlayer
cable
Channel 4
digital
- digital terrestrial
- List of channels
Disney+
EE TV
Freely
Freesat
- Freesat+
Freeview
high-definition
- List of channels
ITV
- ITVX
- STV Player
local television
My5
Now
Netflix
Paramount+
Pop Player
Restricted Service Licence
satellite
- List of channels
Sky Group
- Freesat from Sky
- On Demand
- Sky+
- Sky+ HD
TalkTalk TV
TVPlayer
U
Virgin Media
- FilmFlex
- TiVo
- V+
YouView

Defunct

Studios

Current

Defunct

Other

Companies and organisations

Major companies	Ascential Banijay UK Productions Bauer Media Audio UK BBC Bloomsbury Publishing BT Group Channel Four Television Corporation Daily Mail and General Trust Dentsu International Economist Group EMI Music Publishing Future plc Global Media & Entertainment Guardian Media Group Haymarket Media Group Informa ITN ITV plc Narrative Capital National World News Broadcasting News UK Newsquest Northern & Shell Pearson plc Press Holdings Reach plc RELX Reuters Sky STV Group Syco TalkTalk Group Paramount Networks UK & Australia Virgin Media O2 The Walt Disney Company (UK) Ltd. Warner Bros. Discovery EMEA
Resources	Arqiva List of largest UK book publishers
Government and regulatory bodies	Advertising Standards Authority BBC Board (formerly: BBC Trust Board of Governors of the BBC) British Board of Film Classification British Film Institute Culture, Media, and Sport Select Committee Department for Culture, Media and Sport Independent Press Standards Organisation Ofcom Press Recognition Panel S4C Authority
Industry and trades bodies	British Academy of Film and Television Arts British Phonographic Industry Broadcasting, Entertainment, Cinematograph and Theatre Union Clearcast Digital TV Group Equity Everyone TV Federation Against Copyright Theft Independent Publishers Guild National Union of Journalists The Publishers Association Royal Television Society United Kingdom Independent Broadcasting
Other	BBC Academy National Film and Television School National Science and Media Museum

Regional and student media

Regional media	Media in England Birmingham London Manchester Media in Scotland Aberdeen Dundee Glasgow Media in Wales Cardiff
Student media	Student television Student press

Category

United Kingdom Independent Broadcasters

ITV

Channels

Current

ITV (network)	ITV1 ITV1 HD STV UTV
ITV Digital Channels	ITV2 ITV3 ITV4 ITVBe
ITV Studios	ITV Choice

Former

Companies

Current	ITV plc STV Group plc
Former	Alpha Television Carlton Communications plc Granada plc ITC Entertainment Video Collection International Pickwick Video Group The Rank Organisation General Film Distributors Carlton Screen Advertising ITV Digital Ltd Trident Television UTV Media plc Yorkshire-Tyne Tees Television

Divisions,
brands and
services

Current

ITV Studios	ITV Studios Australia 12 Yard Big Talk Productions Cattleya Hartswood Films Mammoth Screen Multistory Media Oxford Scientific Films Potato So Television Twofour World Productions
Other	CITV LittleBe ITV Daytime ITV Food ITV News ITN ITV Weather ITV Sport ITVX itv.com BritBox STV Player STV Studios

Former

ITV
(network)
franchises
and
regions

National
franchises

Breakfast	TV-am (1983–1992) GMTV (1993–2010) ITV Breakfast (2010–present)
Teletext	ORACLE (1974–1992) Teletext Ltd. (1993–2010)

Current
regional
franchises

ITV plc	Anglia Border Central Channel TV Cymru Wales Granada London Meridian Tyne Tees UTV West Country Yorkshire
STV Group	STV Central STV North

Former
regional
franchises

"Big 4 / 5"	ABC ATV Central Granada LWT Rediffusion Thames Yorkshire
Other	Carlton HTV ITSWW ITV Westcountry Southern TSW TVS TWW Westward WWN/Teledu Cymru

Unsuccessful
franchise bids

Non-franchise
regions

Timelines

Franchises and regions	ABC Anglia ATV Border Carlton Central Channel Grampian Granada HTV West ITV in Wales LWT Meridian Scottish Southern Thames & Associated-Rediffusion TSW & Westward TV-am TVS Tyne Tees UTV Westcountry Yorkshire
Other	ITV (network) ITV children's TV ITV Digital Channels ITV News ITN Regional news ITV Sport

Regulators

ITA (1954–72)
IBA (1972–90)
ITC (1991–2003)
Ofcom (2003–present)

Other

Category

STV Group plc

Television

STV	Northern Scotland: Grampian Television (STV North) Central Scotland: Scottish Television (STV Central) STV HD STV +1
Streaming	STV Player
Defunct	Sky Scottish S2 STV2 (STV Glasgow, STV Edinburgh)

Production