 PP-SRK, the aircraft involved in the accident | |
| Accident | |
|---|---|
| Date | June 8, 1982 |
| Summary | Controlled flight into terrain due to pilot error |
| Site |
|
| Aircraft | |
| Aircraft type | Boeing 727-212 |
| Operator | VASP |
| IATA flight No. | VP 168 |
| ICAO flight No. | VSP 168 |
| Call sign | VASP 168 |
| Registration | PP-SRK |
| Flight origin | Congonhas Airport, São Paulo, Brazil |
| Stopover | Galeão International Airport, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| Destination | Pinto Martins International Airport, Fortaleza, Brazil |
| Occupants | 137 |
| Passengers | 128 |
| Crew | 9 |
| Fatalities | 137 |
| Survivors | 0 |
VASP Flight 168, a Boeing 727-212 registered PP-SRK, was a scheduled domestic passenger flight from São Paulo to Fortaleza, Brazil which, on June 8, 1982, crashed into a mountainside, while descending into Fortaleza, killing all 137 people on board.[1]
The crash of Flight 168 remains both the largest death toll of a Brazilian aircraft accident from the 20th century and the third-highest death toll of any aviation accident in Brazil after Gol Transportes Aéreos Flight 1907 and TAM Airlines Flight 3054.[2]
Passengers and crew
 | This section needs additional citations for verification. (September 2023) |
Flight 168 carried 128 passengers and 9 crew members. Captain Fernando Antônio Vieira de Paiva, age 43, had spent over 15,000 hours in the air. First officer Carlos Roberto Duarte Barbosa, age 28, had logged over 5,000 hours. Engineer José Erimar de Freitas, age 31, had accumulated only 279 hours in the air since his qualification as a flight engineer in 1979, though he had been with VASP since 1971 as an aircraft engineer.[citation needed]
Notably, the passengers included Brazilian business magnate Edson Queiroz, whose self-titled conglomerate had pioneered the nation's shift from wood-burning stoves to gas stoves.[3] Queiroz had originally purchased a ticket for a VARIG flight the following morning, but, uncertain it would arrive in time for an early meeting in Fortaleza, exchanged it for a seat on VASP Flight 168 shortly before takeoff.[citation needed]
Accident
Flight 168's first leg was from São Paulo to Rio de Janeiro, which was completed uneventfully. The flight then departed Rio de Janeiro for Fortaleza. As the flight approached its destination, it was cleared to descend from its cruising altitude of flight level 330 – approximately 33,000 feet (10,000 m) mean sea level – to 5,000 feet (1,500 m). Flying at night, with the lights of the city of Fortaleza in front, the Boeing 727 descended through its 5,000-foot (1,500 m) clearance limit, and kept descending until it crashed into a mountainside at 2,500 feet (760 m), killing all 137 on board.[4][5]
Investigation
The investigation revealed that the captain, possibly disoriented due to bright lights from the city ahead, continued the descent well below the 5,000 feet (1,500 m) clearance limit, despite being warned twice by the ground proximity warning system and the co-pilot of the terrain ahead. As the aircraft kept descending, it struck a wooded mountainside at 2,500 feet (760 m) and crashed.[citation needed]
See also
References
- ^ Accident description at the Aviation Safety Network
- ^ Ranter, Harro. "Brazil air safety profile". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 2019-05-10.
- ^ "Nossa Historia" [Our History]. GEQ.com.br (in Portuguese). Grupo Edson Queiroz. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
- ^ "VASP 168 – O ÚLTIMO VÔO DO PP-SRK" [VASP 168 – Last flight of PP-SRK] (PDF) (in Portuguese). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-09-24. Retrieved 2006-10-03.
- ^ da Silva, Germano; Ari César, Carlos (2008). "VASP 168". O rastro da bruxa: história da aviação comercial brasileira no século XX através dos seus acidentes 1928–1996 [The witch trail: history of Brazilian commercial aviation in the 20th century through its accidents 1928-1996] (in Portuguese) (2 ed.). Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS. pp. 318–326. ISBN 978-85-7430-760-2.
External links
- Final Report Archived 2021-06-07 at the Wayback Machine (in Portuguese) - CENIPA
- Boeing 727-212A PP-SRK (in Portuguese) – a detailed analysis and description of the accident
- photos of the crash site
- CVR recording on YouTube
- Aviation accidents and incidents in 1982
- Airliner accidents and incidents involving controlled flight into terrain
- Airliner accidents and incidents caused by pilot error
- Aviation accidents and incidents in Brazil
- 1982 in Brazil
- Aviation accidents and incidents involving the Boeing 727
- VASP accidents and incidents
- June 1982 in South America
- Transport in Fortaleza
