White-bellied yellow bat

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White-bellied yellow bat

Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)^[1]
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Chiroptera
Family:	Vespertilionidae
Genus:	Scotophilus
Species:	S. leucogaster
Binomial name
*Scotophilus leucogaster* Cretzschmar, 1826
Subspecies^[2]
S. l. damarensis S. l. leucogaster

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The white-bellied yellow bat (Scotophilus leucogaster) or white-bellied house bat,^[3] is a species of vesper bat in the genus Scotophilus, the house bats. It can be found in Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Ivory Coast, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Mali, Mauritania, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Togo, Uganda, and Zambia. It is found in dry and moist savanna and open woodland. It is a common species with a very wide range, and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed its conservation status as being of "least concern".^[1]

Description

House bats are sturdy bats with short snouts, small ears and soft woolly fur. The white-bellied yellow bat is a medium-sized species. It has a head-and-body length of about 120 mm (5 in), a tail length of about 45 mm (1.8 in), a fore-arm length of about 50 mm (2.0 in), and weighs around 20 g (0.7 oz).^[4] The colouring is variable, the dorsal surface is some shade of yellow or yellowish-brown, and the ventral surface is whitish or yellowish.^[3]

Distribution and habitat

The white-bellied yellow bat has a wide distribution in Sub-Saharan Africa. Its range extends from Mauritania and Senegal eastwards to Sudan and Ethiopia, and southwards to Namibia, Botswana, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique and probably South Africa. In the northern part of its range it occurs in various habitats including riverine woodland, wooded savanna, and among mangroves in Nigeria. In the southern half of its range it is found in miombo and mopane woodland, riverine forests, grassland, swamps and flood plains. In some areas it seems to frequent drier habitats during the wet season, and moister locations during the dry season.^[4]

Behaviour

Foraging starts soon after dusk, the bats hawking for insects in clearings, between and around trees and over grassland, at heights up to about 20 m (66 ft). Often, an hour is sufficient for them to fill their stomachs, after which time they pause to digest the food before resuming hunting. They are less active on moonlit nights, avoiding open spaces, which may help avoid predation by barn owls and perhaps bat hawks. They use echolocation to find their prey, and the diet consists mainly of beetles, moths and bugs, as well as including a variety of other insects.^[4] They are also carnivores, and have eaten geckos and dead bats in captivity.^[4]

This bat roosts in hidden locations during the daytime; sites that have been chosen include holes in baobab trees, hollow mopane trees, the underside of dead Borassus palm fronds, and the underside of the tin roof of a house where temperatures can exceed 40 °C (104 °F). In some instances, the same roosting site was used more than once. In Sudan, the bats flew slowly and erratically if the air temperature was below 34 °C (93 °F). In Zimbabwe, breeding took place in November and December, the litter size typically being two.^[4]

References

^ ^a ^b Monadjem, A.; Griffin, M. (2017). "Scotophilus leucogaster". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T20069A22032119. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T20069A22032119.en.
^ Simmons, N.B. (2005). "Order Chiroptera". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 466. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
^ ^a ^b Stuart, Chris (2015). Stuarts' Field Guide to Mammals of Southern Africa: Including Angola, Zambia & Malawi. Penguin Random House South Africa. p. 222. ISBN 978-1-77584-266-8.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Kingdon, Jonathan; Happold, David; Butynski, Thomas; Hoffmann, Michael; Happold, Meredith; Kalina, Jan (2013). Mammals of Africa. A&C Black. pp. 676–679. ISBN 978-1-4081-8996-2.

v t e Species of subfamily Vespertilioninae
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Chiroptera Family: Vespertilionidae
Aeorestes	Hoary bat (A. cinereus) Big red bat (A. egregius) Hawaiian hoary bat (A. semotus) A. villosissimus
Afronycteris	Heller's serotine (A. helios) Banana serotine(A. nanus)
Antrozous	Pallid bat (A. pallidus)
Arielulus	Collared pipistrelle (A. aureocollaris) Black-gilded pipistrelle (A. circumdatus) Coppery pipistrelle (A. cuprosus) Social pipistrelle (A. societatis) Necklace pipistrelle (A. torquatus)
Barbastella	Western barbastelle (B. barbastellus) Beijing barbastelle (B. beijingensis) Eastern barbastelle (B. darjelingensis) Asian barbastelle (B. leucomelas)
Bauerus	Van Gelder's bat (B. dubiaquercus)
Chalinolobus	Large-eared pied bat (C. dwyeri) Gould's wattled bat (C. gouldii) Chocolate wattled bat (C. morio) New Caledonia wattled bat (C. neocaledonicus) Hoary wattled bat (C. nigrogriseus) Little pied bat (C. picatus) New Zealand long-tailed bat (C. tuberculatus)
Corynorhinus	Mexican big-eared bat (C. mexicanus) Rafinesque's big-eared bat (C. rafinesquii) Townsend's big-eared bat (C. townsendii)
Dasypterus	Southern yellow bat (D. ega) Cuban yellow bat (D. insularis) Northern yellow bat (D. intermedius) Western yellow bat (D. xanthinus)
Eptesicus	E. anatolicus Little black serotine (E. andinus) Bobrinski's serotine (E. bobrinskoi) Botta's serotine (E. bottae) Brazilian brown bat (E. brasiliensis) E. chiriquinus Diminutive serotine (E. diminutus) Surat serotine (E. dimissus) Horn-skinned bat (E. floweri) Argentine brown bat (E. furinalis) Big brown bat (E. fuscus) Gobi big brown bat (E. gobiensis) Guadeloupe big brown bat (E. guadeloupensis) Long-tailed house bat (E. hottentotus) Harmless serotine (E. innoxius) E. isabellinus E. japonensis Kobayashi's bat (E. kobayashii) E. lobatus Sind bat (E. nasutus) Northern bat (E. nilssonii) E. ognevi E. pachyomus Thick-eared bat (E. pachyotis) Lagos serotine (E. platyops) Serotine bat (E. serotinus) E. taddeii Sombre bat (E. tatei)
Euderma	Spotted bat (E. maculatum)
Eudiscopus	Disk-footed bat (E. denticulus)
Falsistrellus	Chocolate pipistrelle (F. affinis) Western false pipistrelle (F. mackenziei) Pungent pipistrelle (F. mordax) Peters's pipistrelle (F. petersi) Eastern false pipistrelle (F. tasmaniensis)
Glauconycteris	Allen's striped bat (G. alboguttata) Silvered bat (G. argentata) Beatrix's bat (G. beatrix) Curry's bat (G. curryae) Bibundi bat (G. egeria) Glen's wattled bat (G. gleni) Allen's spotted bat (G. humeralis) Kenyan wattled bat (G. kenyacola) Machado's butterfly bat (G. machadoi) Abo bat (G. poensis) Variegated butterfly bat (G. variegata)
Glischropus	G. aquilus G. bucephalus Javan thick-thumbed bat (G. javanus) Common thick-thumbed bat (G. tylopus)
Hesperoptenus	Blanford's bat (H. blanfordi) False serotine bat (H. doriae) Gaskell's false serotine (H. gaskelli) Tickell's bat (H. tickelli) Large false serotine (H. tomesi)
Histiotus	Strange big-eared brown bat (H. alienus) H. diaphanopterus Humboldt big-eared brown bat (H. humboldti) Thomas's big-eared brown bat (H. laephotis) Big-eared brown bat (H. macrotus) Southern big-eared brown bat (H. magellanicus) Small big-eared brown bat (H. montanus) Tropical big-eared brown bat (H. velatus)
Hypsugo	H. alaschanicus H. anthonyi Arabian pipistrelle (H. arabicus) Desert pipistrelle (H. ariel) H. bemainty Cadorna's pipistrelle (H. cadornae) Broad-headed pipistrelle (H. crassulus) Long-toothed pipistrelle (H. dolichodon) Eisentraut's pipistrelle (H. eisentrauti) Brown pipistrelle (H. imbricatus) Joffre's pipistrelle (H. joffrei) Red-brown pipistrelle (H. kitcheneri) Lanza's pipistrelle (H. lanzai) Burma pipistrelle (H. lophurus) Big-eared pipistrelle (H. macrotis) Mouselike pipistrelle (H. musciculus) Chinese pipistrelle (H. pulveratus) Savi's pipistrelle (H. savii) Vordermann's pipistrelle (H. vordermanni)
Ia	Great evening bat (I. io)
Idionycteris	Allen's big-eared bat (I. phyllotis)
Laephotis	Angolan long-eared bat (L. angolensis) Botswanan long-eared bat (L. botswanae) Namib long-eared bat (L. namibensis) De Winton's long-eared bat (L. wintoni)
Lasionycteris	Silver-haired bat (L. noctivagans)
Lasiurus	L. arequipae L. atratus Desert red bat (L. blossevillii) Eastern red bat (L. borealis) Tacarcuna bat (L. castaneus) Jamaican red bat (L. degelidus) Hairy-tailed bat (L. ebenus) Western red bat (L. frantzii)) Minor red bat (L. minor) Pfeiffer's red bat (L. pfeifferi) Saline red bat (L. salinae) Seminole bat (L. seminolus) Cinnamon red bat (L. varius)
Mimetillus	Moloney's mimic bat (M. moloneyi)
Neoromicia	Dark-brown serotine (N. brunnea) Cape serotine (N. capensis) Yellow serotine (N. flavescens) N. grandidieri Tiny serotine (N. guineensis) N. isabella Isalo serotine (N. malagasyensis) Malagasy serotine (N. matroka) Melck's house bat (N. melckorum) Rendall's serotine (N. rendalli) N. robertsi Rosevear's serotine (N. roseveari) Somali serotine (N. somalica) N. stanleyi White-winged serotine (N. tenuipinnis) Zulu serotine (N. zuluensis)
Niumbaha	Pied bat (N. superba)
Nyctalus	Birdlike noctule (N. aviator) Azores noctule (N. azoreum) Nyctalus furvus (N. furvus) Greater noctule bat (N. lasiopterus) Lesser noctule (N. leisleri) Mountain noctule (N. montanus) Common noctule (N. noctula) Chinese noctule (N. plancyi)
Nycticeinops	Schlieffen's bat (N. schlieffeni)
Nycticeius	Temminck's mysterious bat (N. aenobarbus) Cuban evening bat (N. cubanus) Evening bat (N. humeralis)
Nyctophilus	Northern long-eared bat (N. arnhemensis) Eastern long-eared bat (N. bifax) N. corbeni N. daedalus Lesser long-eared bat (N. geoffroyi) Gould's long-eared bat (N. gouldi) Sunda long-eared bat (N. heran) Lord Howe long-eared bat (N. howensis) N. major Small-toothed long-eared bat (N. microdon) New Guinea long-eared bat (N. microtis) New Caledonian long-eared bat (N. nebulosus) Tasmanian long-eared bat (N. sherrini) Mount Missim long-eared bat (N. shirleyae) Greater long-eared bat (N. timoriensis) Pygmy long-eared bat (N. walkeri)
Otonycteris	Desert long-eared bat (O. hemprichii) Otonycteris leucophaea (O. leucophaea)
Parastrellus	Western pipistrelle (P. hesperus)
Perimyotis	Eastern pipistrelle (P. subflavus)
Pharotis	New Guinea big-eared bat (P. imogene)
Philetor	Rohu's bat (P. brachypterus)
Pipistrellus	Japanese house bat (P. abramus) Forest pipistrelle (P. adamsi) Mount Gargues pipistrelle (P. aero) Anchieta's pipistrelle (P. anchietae) Angulate pipistrelle (P. angulatus) Kelaart's pipistrelle (P. ceylonicus) Greater Papuan pipistrelle (P. collinus) Indian pipistrelle (P. coromandra) P. dhofarensis Egyptian pipistrelle (P. deserti) Endo's pipistrelle (P. endoi) P. hanaki Dusky pipistrelle (P. hesperidus) Aellen's pipistrelle (P. inexspectatus) Java pipistrelle (P. javanicus) Kuhl's pipistrelle (P. kuhlii) Madeira pipistrelle (P. maderensis) Minahassa pipistrelle (P. minahassae) Christmas Island pipistrelle (P. murrayi) Tiny pipistrelle (P. nanulus) Nathusius's pipistrelle (P. nathusii) Lesser Papuan pipistrelle (P. papuanus) Mount Popa pipistrelle (P. paterculus) Dar es Salaam pipistrelle (P. permixtus) Common pipistrelle (P. pipistrellus) Soprano pipistrelle (P. pygmaeus) P. raceyi Rüppell's pipistrelle (P. rueppellii) Rusty pipistrelle (P. rusticus) Narrow-winged pipistrelle (P. stenopterus) Sturdee's pipistrelle (P. sturdeei) Least pipistrelle (P. tenuis) Watts's pipistrelle (P. wattsi) Northern pipistrelle (P. westralis)
Plecotus	P. ariel Brown long-eared bat (P. auritus) Grey long-eared bat (P. austriacus) Ethiopian big-eared bat (P. balensis) P. begognae Christie's big-eared bat (P. christiei) P. gaisleri P. homochrous Kolombatovic's long-eared bat (P. kolombatovici) P. kozlovi Alpine long-eared bat (P. macrobullaris) Ognev's long-eared bat (P. ognevi) Japanese long-eared bat (P. sacrimontis) Sardinian long-eared bat (P. sardus) P. strelkovi Taiwan big-eared bat (P. taivanus) Canary big-eared bat (P. teneriffae) P. turkmenicus P. wardi
Rhogeessa	Yucatan yellow bat (R. aeneus) Allen's yellow bat (R. alleni) Bickham's little yellow bat (R. bickhami) Genoways's yellow bat (R. genowaysi) Slender yellow bat (R. gracilis) Husson's yellow bat (R. hussoni) Thomas's yellow bat (R. io) Menchu's little yellow bat (R. menchuae) Tiny yellow bat (R. minutilla) Least yellow bat (R. mira) Little yellow bat (R. parvula) Black-winged little yellow bat (R. tumida) R. velilla
Scoteanax	Rüppell's broad-nosed bat (S. rueppellii)
Scotoecus	White-bellied lesser house bat (S. albigula) Light-winged lesser house bat (S. albofuscus) Hinde's lesser house bat (S. hindei) Dark-winged lesser house bat (S. hirundo) Desert yellow bat (S. pallidus)
Scotomanes	Harlequin bat (S. ornatus)
Scotophilus	S. alvenslebeni Andrew Rebori's house bat (S. andrewreborii) Lesser yellow bat (S. borbonicus) Sulawesi yellow bat (S. celebensis) Sody's yellow house bat (S. collinus) African yellow bat (S. dinganii) Ejeta's house bat (S. ejetai) Greater Asiatic yellow bat (S. heathii) Lesser Asiatic yellow bat (S. kuhlii) White-bellied yellow bat (S. leucogaster) Livingstone's house bat (S. livingstonii) Marovaza house bat (S. marovaza) Schreber's yellow bat (S. nigrita) S. nigritellus Robbins's yellow bat (S. nucella) Nut-colored yellow bat (S. nux) Robust yellow bat (S. robustus) S. tandrefana Trujillo’s house bat (S. trujilloi) Greenish yellow bat (S. viridis)
Scotorepens	Inland broad-nosed bat (S. balstoni) Little broad-nosed bat (S. greyii) Eastern broad-nosed bat (S. orion) Northern broad-nosed bat (S. sanborni)
Scotozous	Dormer's bat (S. dormeri)
Tylonycteris	T. fulvida T. malayana Lesser bamboo bat (T. pachypus) Pygmy bamboo bat (T. pygmaeus) Greater bamboo bat (T. robustula) T. tonkinensis
Vespadelus	Inland forest bat (V. baverstocki) Northern cave bat (V. caurinus) Large forest bat (V. darlingtoni) Yellow-lipped bat (V. douglasorum) Finlayson's cave bat (V. finlaysoni) Eastern forest bat (V. pumilus) Southern forest bat (V. regulus) Eastern cave bat (V. troughtoni) Little forest bat (V. vulturnus)
Vespertilio	Parti-coloured bat (V. murinus) Asian particolored bat (V. sinensis)

Taxon identifiers
Scotophilus leucogaster	Wikidata: Q1829981 Wikispecies: Scotophilus leucogaster CoL: 4VY5K EoL: 310391 GBIF: 5218536 iNaturalist: 40435 IRMNG: 10234010 ITIS: 632152 IUCN: 20069 MDD: 1005688 MSW: 13801981 NCBI: 249034

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