Bushveld Sandstone

Coordinates: 22°48′S 29°18′E / 22.8°S 29.3°E

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Bushveld Sandstone
Stratigraphic range: Hettangian-Sinemurian ~201–189 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Type	Geological formation
Unit of	Stormberg Group
Lithology
Primary	Sandstone
Location
Coordinates	22°48′S 29°18′E / 22.8°S 29.3°E / -22.8; 29.3
Approximate paleocoordinates	37°54′S 4°42′E / 37.9°S 4.7°E / -37.9; 4.7
Region	Mpumalanga, Limpopo
Country	South Africa
Bushveld Sandstone (South Africa)

The Bushveld Sandstone is a geological formation dating to roughly between 201 and 189 million years ago and covering the Carnian to Norian stages. The Bushveld Sandstone is found in Transvaal, South Africa, and is a member of the Stormberg Group. As its name suggests, it consists mainly of sandstone. Fossils of the prosauropod dinosaur Massospondylus have been recovered from the Bushveld Sandstone.^[1]

The Bushveld Sandstone was thought to be Late Triassic age, but was considered to be temporally correlative to the Clarens Formation by Smith et al. (1993).^[2]

Vertebrate fauna

Dinosaur tracks are located in Transvaal.^[1]

Dinosaurs
Genus	Species	Presence	Notes	Images
Gigantoscelus^[1]	G. molengraaffi^[1]	Geographically located in Transvaal.^[1]	Remains now considered to be of indeterminate prosauropod origin.^[1] "Distal femur."^[3]
Gryponyx^[1]	G. transvaalensis^[1]	Geographically located in Transvaal.^[1]	Remains now considered to be of indeterminate prosauropod origin.^[1] "Ungual, distal metatarsal."^[3]
Massospondylus^[4]	M. carinatus^[4]	Geographically located in Transvaal. Geochronologically located in Early Jurassic strata.^[4]

Color key

Taxon	Reclassified taxon	Taxon falsely reported as present	Dubious taxon or junior synonym	Ichnotaxon	Ootaxon	Morphotaxon

Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; ~~crossed out~~ taxa are discredited.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Weishampel, David B; et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution (Late Triassic, Africa)." In: Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. Pp. 528–529. ISBN 0-520-24209-2.
^ Smith RMH, Eriksson PG, Botha WJ. A Review of the Stratigraphy and Sedimentary Environments of the Karoo-Aged Basins of Southern Africa. Journal of African Earth Sciences. 1993;16:143–169. doi: 10.1016/0899-5362(93)90164-L.
^ ^a ^b "Table 12.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 236.
^ ^a ^b ^c Weishampel, David B; et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution (Early Jurassic, Africa)." In: Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. Pp. 535–536. ISBN 0-520-24209-2.

Geology of South Africa

Geological formations

List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in South Africa

Palaeoarchaean	Bushveld Igneous Complex Fig Tree Formation Komatii Formation Moodies Group Onverwacht Group Transvaal Supergroup
Paleozoic	Carboniferous Dwyka Group Ganigobis Formation Devonian Bokkeveld Group Table Mountain Sandstone Permian Abrahamskraal Formation Balfour Formation Dwyka Group Ganigobis Formation Teekloof Formation Whitehill Formation Ordovician Soom Shale
Mesozoic	Cretaceous Uitenhage Group Buffelskloof Formation Enon Formation Kirkwood Formation Sundays River Formation Kalahari Deposits Jurassic Drakensberg Group Enon Formation Uitenhage Group Karoo Supergroup Beaufort Group Abrahamskraal Formation Balfour Formation Katberg Formation Middleton Formation Teekloof Formation Dwyka Group Ecca Group Whitehill Formation Stormberg Group Bushveld Sandstone Clarens Formation Elliot Formation Triassic Elliot Formation Katberg Formation Molteno Formation Normandien Formation
Cenozoic	Algoa Group

‎Tectonics and orogeny

Volcanism	List of volcanoes in South Africa Pilanesberg Pilanesberg Game Reserve Prince Edward Islands Diatremes Big Hole Finsch diamond mine Jagersfontein Mine Koffiefontein mine Barberton Greenstone Belt Drakensberg Karoo-Ferrar
Earthquakes	1620 Robben Island earthquake 1969 Tulbagh earthquake 2006 Mozambique earthquake 2014 Orkney earthquake
Impact craters	Kalkkop crater Morokweng impact structure Tswaing crater Vredefort impact structure
Meteorites	Bellsbank meteorite

‎Mineral deposits
Kimberlite Merensky Reef Witwatersrand Banket (mining term) Coal in South Africa Iron ore in Africa Platinum in Africa Titanium in Africa Uranium in Africa Minerals Council South Africa Department of Mineral Resources (South Africa) Department of Mineral Resources and Energy

Paleontology‎

Ordovician

Devonian

Carboniferous

Permian

Beaufort Group

Assemblages	Cistecephalus Assemblage Zone Daptocephalus Assemblage Zone Eodicynodon Assemblage Zone Pristerognathus Assemblage Zone Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone Tropidostoma Assemblage Zone

Triassic

Assemblages	Cynognathus Assemblage Zone Lystrosaurus Assemblage Zone

Jurassic

Cretaceous

Paleogene

Nummulite

Neogene

Pleistocene

Other

Research and administration‎

Geologists	Hans Merensky
Paleontologists	Andrew Geddes Bain Lieuwe Dirk Boonstra Charles Kimberlin Brain Robert Broom Alfred Brown Anusuya Chinsamy-Turan H. Basil S. Cooke Alfred W. Crompton Daniel Rossouw Kannemeyer Andre Keyser James Kitching John Talbot Robinson George William Stow Eduard Meine van Zinderen-Bakker

Regional articles
Geology of Cape Town

Other
Pothole (geology) Steep structure Swazian

Categories:

Hidden categories:

Vertebrate fauna

See also

References