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Gershayim - Wikipedia

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Gershayim
punctuation mark	״	פַּרְדֵּ״ס
cantillation mark	֞	וּרְד֞וּ
compare with quotation marks
"פַּרְדֵּ״ס", "וּרְד֞וּ"

Hebrew punctuation

Hebrew-specific marks				orthographically similar marks
maqaf			־‎	-‎	hyphen

geresh	֜‎	֝‎	׳‎	'	apostrophe

gershayim		֞‎	״‎	"	quotation mark

meteg			ֽ‎	,	comma

inverted nun			׆	[	bracket

cantillation

cantillation

Sof passuk	׃‎	Paseq	׀‎

Etnakhta/atnakh	֑‎	Segol	֒‎

Shalshelet	֓‎	Zakef katan	֔‎

Zakef gadol	֕‎	Tifcha/tarkha	֖‎

Rivia	֗‎	Zarka	֘‎

Pashta	֙‎	Yetiv	֚‎

Tevir	֛‎	Geresh	֜‎

Geresh muqdam [de]	֝‎	Gershayim	֞‎

Karne parah	֟‎	Telisha gedola/talsha	֠‎

Pazer	֡‎	Atnah hafukh [de]	֢‎

Munakh/shofar holekh	֣‎	Mahpach	֤‎

Merkha/ma’arikh	֥‎	Mercha kefula	֦‎

Darga	֧‎	Qadma	֨‎

Telisha qetana/tarsa	֩‎	Yerah ben yomo	֪‎

Ole	֫‎	Illuy	֬‎

Dehi [de]	֭‎	Tsinnorit	֮‎

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Gershayim (Hebrew: גֵּרְשַׁיִם‎, without niqqud גרשיים‎), also occasionally grashayim^[1] (גְּרָשַׁיִם‎), can refer to either of two distinct typographical marks in the Hebrew language. The name literally means "double geresh".

Punctuation mark

Gershayim most commonly refers to the punctuation mark ⟨״⟩. It is always written before the last letter of the non-inflected form of a word or numeral. It is used in the following ways:

To indicate a Hebrew acronym.^[2] For example: דּוּ״חַ‎ (singular), דּוּ״חוֹת‎ (plural), "report" represents דין וחשבון‎; and מ״כ‎ (masculine), מַ״כִּית‎ (feminine), "squad commander" represents מפקד כיתה‎.
To indicate a multi-digit Hebrew numeral. For example: י״ח‎ represents 18.^[3]
To indicate the names of Hebrew letters, differentiating them from any homographs.^[2] Compare הוּא שִׂרְטֵט עַיִן‎ "he sketched an eye" with הוּא שִׂרְטֵט עַיִ״ן‎ "he sketched an ayin".
To indicate Hebrew word roots.^[2] For example: the root of תַּשְׁבֵּצִים‎/taʃbeˈtsim/ "crossword puzzles" is שב״צ‎ (š—b—ṣ); the root of לְהַטּוֹת‎ /lehaˈtot/ "to tilt, to conjugate" is נט״ה‎ (n—ṭ—h); and the root of הִסְתַּנְכְּרְנוּת‎ /histankreˈnut/ "being synchronized" is סנכר״נ‎ (s–n–k–r–n).
In older texts, to indicate the transliteration of a foreign word. This use corresponds to English's use of italics. For example, in printed works of Rashi, the town of Rashi's birth, Troyes, is spelled טרוי״ש‎.

Cantillation mark

Gershayim is a disjunctive cantillation accent in the Tanakh (Jewish bible) - ◌֞. It is placed above the stressed syllable, as in וַיִּקַּ֞ח (Genesis 22:3).^[1]

Computer encoding

Most keyboards do not have a key for the gershayim punctuation; as a result, a quotation mark is often substituted for it. The cantillation accent however is generally not typed, as it plays a completely different role and can occur in the middle of words (it does not mark any word separation), or marked using a different interlinear notation if needed (such as superscripts or other notational symbols).

Appearance	Code Points	Name
״	U+05F4	Hebrew Punctuation Gershayim
֞	U+059E	Hebrew Accent Gershayim

References

^ ^a ^b Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar, §15f.
^ ^a ^b ^c Hebrew punctuation guidelines, § 31, Academy of the Hebrew Language Archived October 15, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
^ Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar, §5k ff.

Hebrew language

Overviews

Eras

Reading traditions

Orthography

Eras	Biblical
Scripts	Rashi Braille Ashuri Cursive Crowning Paleo-Hebrew Solitreo
Alphabet	Alef Bet Gimel Dalet Hei Vav Zayin Ḥet Tet Yud Kaf Lamed Mem Nun Samech Ayin Pei Tsadi Kuf Resh Shin Tav
Niqqud	Tiberian Babylonian Palestinian Samaritan Shva Hiriq Tzere Segol Pataḥ Kamatz Holam Kubutz/shuruk Dagesh Mappiq Maqaf Rafe Sin/Shin dot
Spelling	with Niqqud / missing / full Mater lectionis Abbreviations Plene scriptum
Punctuation	Diacritics Meteg Cantillation Geresh Gershayim Inverted nun Shekel sign Numerals