Eastern long-eared bat

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Eastern long-eared bat

Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)^[1]
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Chiroptera
Family:	Vespertilionidae
Genus:	Nyctophilus
Species:	N. bifax
Binomial name
*Nyctophilus bifax* Thomas, 1915^[2]

The eastern long-eared bat (Nyctophilus bifax) is a small flying mammal, a vespertilionid bat. It is found in eastern Australia and Papua New Guinea.

Taxonomy

The first description of the species was published in 1915 by Oldfield Thomas,^[2] based on a male type specimen obtained from the Herberton district in the north of Queensland.^[3]

Alternate names, aside from eastern long-eared bat, include the northern or north Queensland long-eared bat.^[4]

Description

A species of Nyctophilus, smaller insectivorous bats of the widespread and diverse family Vespertilionidae, the common evening bats.

The flight of the species is sometimes in quick and straight directions, less usual in other nyctophilus species, but they are able to assume a typical slower fluttering hover to capture prey. The foraging methods includes gleaning, taking insects from foliage or bark of plants, and adopts a perching stratagem or takes to the ground.^[4]

Distribution and habitat

The species resides under the loose papery bark of melaleuca, amongst dense foliage, or in tree hollows. The distribution range is associated with wet forest habitat between Cape York and the north of New South Wales, rainforest and vegetation at permanent water are the typical environs. Drier areas nearby the wetter habitat is also used by the species, in woodland and forests that provide suitable food or refuge. They are often seen hunting at the edge of forests, using their characteristic foraging techniques; a well known population occurs at the Chillagoe-Mungana Caves National Park.^[4]

In Australia, the range extends into subtropical regions, and it has been recorded from a few widely scattered localities in New Guinea.^[1]^[4]

The IUCN red list (2021) notes the species as least concern, widespread and not shown to be in decline. The assessment included the subspecies Nyctophilus bifax daedalus, but anticipated the elevation to full species.^[1]^[5]^[a]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Stawski, C.; Pennay, M. (2021). "Nyctophilus bifax". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T85289369A85289379. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T85289369A85289379.en. Retrieved 17 December 2023.
^ ^a ^b Thomas, Oldfield (1915). "Notes on the genus Nyctophilus". The Annals and Magazine of Natural History; Zoology, Botany, and Geology. 8. 15 (89): 493–499. doi:10.1080/00222931508693662. ISSN 0374-5481.
^ "Species Nyctophilus bifax Thomas, 1915". Australian Faunal Directory. biodiversity.org.au. Retrieved 20 January 2019.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Andrew, D. (2015). Complete Guide to Finding the Mammals of Australia. CSIRO Publishing. p. 330. ISBN 9780643098145.
^ Parnaby, H. (2009). "A taxonomic review of Australian greater long-eared bats previously known as Nyctophilus timoriensis (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) and some associated taxa" (PDF). Australian Zoologist. 35: 38–81. doi:10.7882/AZ.2009.005.

^ Parnaby, 2008. pers comm to IUCN; op cit., 2009.

v t e Species of subfamily Vespertilioninae
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Chiroptera Family: Vespertilionidae
Aeorestes	Hoary bat (A. cinereus) Big red bat (A. egregius) Hawaiian hoary bat (A. semotus) A. villosissimus
Afronycteris	Heller's serotine (A. helios) Banana serotine(A. nanus)
Antrozous	Pallid bat (A. pallidus)
Arielulus	Collared pipistrelle (A. aureocollaris) Black-gilded pipistrelle (A. circumdatus) Coppery pipistrelle (A. cuprosus) Social pipistrelle (A. societatis) Necklace pipistrelle (A. torquatus)
Barbastella	Western barbastelle (B. barbastellus) Beijing barbastelle (B. beijingensis) Eastern barbastelle (B. darjelingensis) Asian barbastelle (B. leucomelas)
Bauerus	Van Gelder's bat (B. dubiaquercus)
Chalinolobus	Large-eared pied bat (C. dwyeri) Gould's wattled bat (C. gouldii) Chocolate wattled bat (C. morio) New Caledonia wattled bat (C. neocaledonicus) Hoary wattled bat (C. nigrogriseus) Little pied bat (C. picatus) New Zealand long-tailed bat (C. tuberculatus)
Corynorhinus	Mexican big-eared bat (C. mexicanus) Rafinesque's big-eared bat (C. rafinesquii) Townsend's big-eared bat (C. townsendii)
Dasypterus	Southern yellow bat (D. ega) Cuban yellow bat (D. insularis) Northern yellow bat (D. intermedius) Western yellow bat (D. xanthinus)
Eptesicus	E. anatolicus Little black serotine (E. andinus) Bobrinski's serotine (E. bobrinskoi) Botta's serotine (E. bottae) Brazilian brown bat (E. brasiliensis) E. chiriquinus Diminutive serotine (E. diminutus) Surat serotine (E. dimissus) Horn-skinned bat (E. floweri) Argentine brown bat (E. furinalis) Big brown bat (E. fuscus) Gobi big brown bat (E. gobiensis) Guadeloupe big brown bat (E. guadeloupensis) Long-tailed house bat (E. hottentotus) Harmless serotine (E. innoxius) E. isabellinus E. japonensis Kobayashi's bat (E. kobayashii) E. lobatus Sind bat (E. nasutus) Northern bat (E. nilssonii) E. ognevi E. pachyomus Thick-eared bat (E. pachyotis) Lagos serotine (E. platyops) Serotine bat (E. serotinus) E. taddeii Sombre bat (E. tatei)
Euderma	Spotted bat (E. maculatum)
Eudiscopus	Disk-footed bat (E. denticulus)
Falsistrellus	Chocolate pipistrelle (F. affinis) Western false pipistrelle (F. mackenziei) Pungent pipistrelle (F. mordax) Peters's pipistrelle (F. petersi) Eastern false pipistrelle (F. tasmaniensis)
Glauconycteris	Allen's striped bat (G. alboguttata) Silvered bat (G. argentata) Beatrix's bat (G. beatrix) Curry's bat (G. curryae) Bibundi bat (G. egeria) Glen's wattled bat (G. gleni) Allen's spotted bat (G. humeralis) Kenyan wattled bat (G. kenyacola) Machado's butterfly bat (G. machadoi) Abo bat (G. poensis) Variegated butterfly bat (G. variegata)
Glischropus	G. aquilus G. bucephalus Javan thick-thumbed bat (G. javanus) Common thick-thumbed bat (G. tylopus)
Hesperoptenus	Blanford's bat (H. blanfordi) False serotine bat (H. doriae) Gaskell's false serotine (H. gaskelli) Tickell's bat (H. tickelli) Large false serotine (H. tomesi)
Histiotus	Strange big-eared brown bat (H. alienus) H. diaphanopterus Humboldt big-eared brown bat (H. humboldti) Thomas's big-eared brown bat (H. laephotis) Big-eared brown bat (H. macrotus) Southern big-eared brown bat (H. magellanicus) Small big-eared brown bat (H. montanus) Tropical big-eared brown bat (H. velatus)
Hypsugo	H. alaschanicus H. anthonyi Arabian pipistrelle (H. arabicus) Desert pipistrelle (H. ariel) H. bemainty Cadorna's pipistrelle (H. cadornae) Broad-headed pipistrelle (H. crassulus) Long-toothed pipistrelle (H. dolichodon) Eisentraut's pipistrelle (H. eisentrauti) Brown pipistrelle (H. imbricatus) Joffre's pipistrelle (H. joffrei) Red-brown pipistrelle (H. kitcheneri) Lanza's pipistrelle (H. lanzai) Burma pipistrelle (H. lophurus) Big-eared pipistrelle (H. macrotis) Mouselike pipistrelle (H. musciculus) Chinese pipistrelle (H. pulveratus) Savi's pipistrelle (H. savii) Vordermann's pipistrelle (H. vordermanni)
Ia	Great evening bat (I. io)
Idionycteris	Allen's big-eared bat (I. phyllotis)
Laephotis	Angolan long-eared bat (L. angolensis) Botswanan long-eared bat (L. botswanae) Namib long-eared bat (L. namibensis) De Winton's long-eared bat (L. wintoni)
Lasionycteris	Silver-haired bat (L. noctivagans)
Lasiurus	L. arequipae L. atratus Desert red bat (L. blossevillii) Eastern red bat (L. borealis) Tacarcuna bat (L. castaneus) Jamaican red bat (L. degelidus) Hairy-tailed bat (L. ebenus) Western red bat (L. frantzii)) Minor red bat (L. minor) Pfeiffer's red bat (L. pfeifferi) Saline red bat (L. salinae) Seminole bat (L. seminolus) Cinnamon red bat (L. varius)
Mimetillus	Moloney's mimic bat (M. moloneyi)
Neoromicia	Dark-brown serotine (N. brunnea) Cape serotine (N. capensis) Yellow serotine (N. flavescens) N. grandidieri Tiny serotine (N. guineensis) N. isabella Isalo serotine (N. malagasyensis) Malagasy serotine (N. matroka) Melck's house bat (N. melckorum) Rendall's serotine (N. rendalli) N. robertsi Rosevear's serotine (N. roseveari) Somali serotine (N. somalica) N. stanleyi White-winged serotine (N. tenuipinnis) Zulu serotine (N. zuluensis)
Niumbaha	Pied bat (N. superba)
Nyctalus	Birdlike noctule (N. aviator) Azores noctule (N. azoreum) Nyctalus furvus (N. furvus) Greater noctule bat (N. lasiopterus) Lesser noctule (N. leisleri) Mountain noctule (N. montanus) Common noctule (N. noctula) Chinese noctule (N. plancyi)
Nycticeinops	Schlieffen's bat (N. schlieffeni)
Nycticeius	Temminck's mysterious bat (N. aenobarbus) Cuban evening bat (N. cubanus) Evening bat (N. humeralis)
Nyctophilus	Northern long-eared bat (N. arnhemensis) Eastern long-eared bat (N. bifax) N. corbeni N. daedalus Lesser long-eared bat (N. geoffroyi) Gould's long-eared bat (N. gouldi) Sunda long-eared bat (N. heran) Lord Howe long-eared bat (N. howensis) N. major Small-toothed long-eared bat (N. microdon) New Guinea long-eared bat (N. microtis) New Caledonian long-eared bat (N. nebulosus) Tasmanian long-eared bat (N. sherrini) Mount Missim long-eared bat (N. shirleyae) Greater long-eared bat (N. timoriensis) Pygmy long-eared bat (N. walkeri)
Otonycteris	Desert long-eared bat (O. hemprichii) Otonycteris leucophaea (O. leucophaea)
Parastrellus	Western pipistrelle (P. hesperus)
Perimyotis	Eastern pipistrelle (P. subflavus)
Pharotis	New Guinea big-eared bat (P. imogene)
Philetor	Rohu's bat (P. brachypterus)
Pipistrellus	Japanese house bat (P. abramus) Forest pipistrelle (P. adamsi) Mount Gargues pipistrelle (P. aero) Anchieta's pipistrelle (P. anchietae) Angulate pipistrelle (P. angulatus) Kelaart's pipistrelle (P. ceylonicus) Greater Papuan pipistrelle (P. collinus) Indian pipistrelle (P. coromandra) P. dhofarensis Egyptian pipistrelle (P. deserti) Endo's pipistrelle (P. endoi) P. hanaki Dusky pipistrelle (P. hesperidus) Aellen's pipistrelle (P. inexspectatus) Java pipistrelle (P. javanicus) Kuhl's pipistrelle (P. kuhlii) Madeira pipistrelle (P. maderensis) Minahassa pipistrelle (P. minahassae) Christmas Island pipistrelle (P. murrayi) Tiny pipistrelle (P. nanulus) Nathusius's pipistrelle (P. nathusii) Lesser Papuan pipistrelle (P. papuanus) Mount Popa pipistrelle (P. paterculus) Dar es Salaam pipistrelle (P. permixtus) Common pipistrelle (P. pipistrellus) Soprano pipistrelle (P. pygmaeus) P. raceyi Rüppell's pipistrelle (P. rueppellii) Rusty pipistrelle (P. rusticus) Narrow-winged pipistrelle (P. stenopterus) Sturdee's pipistrelle (P. sturdeei) Least pipistrelle (P. tenuis) Watts's pipistrelle (P. wattsi) Northern pipistrelle (P. westralis)
Plecotus	P. ariel Brown long-eared bat (P. auritus) Grey long-eared bat (P. austriacus) Ethiopian big-eared bat (P. balensis) P. begognae Christie's big-eared bat (P. christiei) P. gaisleri P. homochrous Kolombatovic's long-eared bat (P. kolombatovici) P. kozlovi Alpine long-eared bat (P. macrobullaris) Ognev's long-eared bat (P. ognevi) Japanese long-eared bat (P. sacrimontis) Sardinian long-eared bat (P. sardus) P. strelkovi Taiwan big-eared bat (P. taivanus) Canary big-eared bat (P. teneriffae) P. turkmenicus P. wardi
Rhogeessa	Yucatan yellow bat (R. aeneus) Allen's yellow bat (R. alleni) Bickham's little yellow bat (R. bickhami) Genoways's yellow bat (R. genowaysi) Slender yellow bat (R. gracilis) Husson's yellow bat (R. hussoni) Thomas's yellow bat (R. io) Menchu's little yellow bat (R. menchuae) Tiny yellow bat (R. minutilla) Least yellow bat (R. mira) Little yellow bat (R. parvula) Black-winged little yellow bat (R. tumida) R. velilla
Scoteanax	Rüppell's broad-nosed bat (S. rueppellii)
Scotoecus	White-bellied lesser house bat (S. albigula) Light-winged lesser house bat (S. albofuscus) Hinde's lesser house bat (S. hindei) Dark-winged lesser house bat (S. hirundo) Desert yellow bat (S. pallidus)
Scotomanes	Harlequin bat (S. ornatus)
Scotophilus	S. alvenslebeni Andrew Rebori's house bat (S. andrewreborii) Lesser yellow bat (S. borbonicus) Sulawesi yellow bat (S. celebensis) Sody's yellow house bat (S. collinus) African yellow bat (S. dinganii) Ejeta's house bat (S. ejetai) Greater Asiatic yellow bat (S. heathii) Lesser Asiatic yellow bat (S. kuhlii) White-bellied yellow bat (S. leucogaster) Livingstone's house bat (S. livingstonii) Marovaza house bat (S. marovaza) Schreber's yellow bat (S. nigrita) S. nigritellus Robbins's yellow bat (S. nucella) Nut-colored yellow bat (S. nux) Robust yellow bat (S. robustus) S. tandrefana Trujillo’s house bat (S. trujilloi) Greenish yellow bat (S. viridis)
Scotorepens	Inland broad-nosed bat (S. balstoni) Little broad-nosed bat (S. greyii) Eastern broad-nosed bat (S. orion) Northern broad-nosed bat (S. sanborni)
Scotozous	Dormer's bat (S. dormeri)
Tylonycteris	T. fulvida T. malayana Lesser bamboo bat (T. pachypus) Pygmy bamboo bat (T. pygmaeus) Greater bamboo bat (T. robustula) T. tonkinensis
Vespadelus	Inland forest bat (V. baverstocki) Northern cave bat (V. caurinus) Large forest bat (V. darlingtoni) Yellow-lipped bat (V. douglasorum) Finlayson's cave bat (V. finlaysoni) Eastern forest bat (V. pumilus) Southern forest bat (V. regulus) Eastern cave bat (V. troughtoni) Little forest bat (V. vulturnus)
Vespertilio	Parti-coloured bat (V. murinus) Asian particolored bat (V. sinensis)

Taxon identifiers
Nyctophilus bifax	Wikidata: Q1834532 Wikispecies: Nyctophilus bifax AFD: Nyctophilus_bifax CoL: 485YJ EoL: 4436987 GBIF: 7261844 iNaturalist: 74798 IRMNG: 10531870 ITIS: 946150 IUCN: 15001 MDD: 1005754 MSW: 13802003 NCBI: 2720893 Open Tree of Life: 3613743

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