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Senna sophera - Wikipedia

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Senna sophera

Habit
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Fabales
Family:	Fabaceae
Subfamily:	Caesalpinioideae
Genus:	Senna
Species:	S. sophera
Binomial name
*Senna sophera* (L.) Roxb
Synonyms^[1]
List Cassia aegyptiaca Willd. Cassia atroviridis Span. Cassia canca Cav. Cassia chinensis Jacq., nom. illeg. Cassia coromandeliana Jacq. Cassia esculenta Roxb., nom. nud. Cassia frutescens Mill. Cassia geminiflora Schrank, nom. illeg. Cassia indica Poir. Cassia lanceolata Pers., nom. illeg. Cassia ligustrina Forssk. ex Benth., nom. illeg. Cassia linearis Michx. Cassia patula Aiton Cassia proboscidea Pollard Cassia purpurea Roxb. ex Lindl. Cassia robinioides Willd. Cassia ruscifolia Jacq. Cassia socotrana Serrato Cassia sophera L. Cassia sopheroides Collad. Cassia torosa Cav. Cassia torulosa Poir. Chamaefistula chinensis G.Don Chamaefistula coromandelina (Jacq.) G.Don Chamaefistula sophera (L.) G.Don Chamaefistula torosa (Cav.) G.Don Ditremexa sophera (L.) Britton & Rose Octelisia aurea Raf. Senna esculenta Roxb. Senna lanceolata Link Senna officinalis Gaertn. Senna purpurea Roxb. Senna socotrana (Serrato) Lock

Senna sophera is a shrub or tree in the bean family Fabaceae. It is now widespread in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, but is believed to be native to tropical America. Originally described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753 as Cassia sophera, it has acquired a large number of synonyms.^[1] Vernacular names include algarrobilla,^[2] baner, kasunda, kasaundi (Hindi) and kolkasunda (Bengali).^{[citation needed]}. This tree is called Gnazhar tree (ஞாழல் மரம்) in Tamil. The flower of this tree has been extensively referred in poems of Sangam Tamil litterature.

Description

Senna sophera is a shrub or small tree, glabrous, about 3 m in height. The compound leaves have 8-12 paired leaflets that are acute and tapering. It has yellow flowers in corymbose racemes.^{[citation needed]}

Distribution

Senna sophera is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, but is considered by Plants of the World Online to be native to the Caribbean (Aruba, the Bahamas, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, the Leeward Islands, the Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago and the Windward Islands); Central America (Belize and Panama); and Guyana in northern South America.^[1]

Conservation

Senna socotrana was assessed as "least concern" for the 2004 IUCN Red List, where it is said to be native only to Socotra.^[3] As of April 2023^[update], S. socotrana was regarded as a synonym of Senna sophera, which has a very much wider distribution.^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Senna sophera (L.) Roxb". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2023-04-22.
^ NRCS. "Senna sophera". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 10 November 2015.
^ Miller, A. (2004). "Senna socotrana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2004: e.T44973A10968995. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T44973A10968995.en. Retrieved 2023-04-22.

Taxon identifiers
Senna sophera	Wikidata: Q2724545 Wikispecies: Senna sophera APDB: 209296 APNI: 198504 ATRF: Senna_sophera CoL: 4WPDX EoL: 418265 EPPO: CASSO FNA: 242348614 FoAO2: Senna sophera FoC: 242348614 GBIF: 2957379 GRIN: 100060 iNaturalist: 594433 IPNI: 518364-1 IRMNG: 10454475 ITIS: 505178 NCBI: 948718 Observation.org: 198962 Open Tree of Life: 640188 Plant List: ild-1128 PLANTS: SESO2 POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518364-1 SANBI: 388-16 Tropicos: 13032866 WFO: wfo-0000164857
Cassia sophera	Wikidata: Q21872224 APDB: 69791 APNI: 115531 CoL: RM59 FNA: 200012032 GBIF: 5354113 GRIN: 9389 IPNI: 49053-2 IRMNG: 10166046 ITIS: 510367 NZOR: db5d0106-e76e-4cbc-b5e9-a70e73772b4a POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:49053-2 Tropicos: 13007900 WFO: wfo-0000164848
Senna socotrana	Wikidata: Q1595670 CoL: 4WPDW EoL: 418285 GBIF: 2957483 iNaturalist: 443496 IPNI: 945432-1 IRMNG: 10791839 IUCN: 44973 Open Tree of Life: 3916988 Plant List: ild-30192 POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:945432-1 Tropicos: 13071418 WFO: wfo-0000184164

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