Epstein Files Full PDF

CLICK HERE
Technopedia Center
PMB University Brochure
Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science
S1 Informatics S1 Information Systems S1 Information Technology S1 Computer Engineering S1 Electrical Engineering S1 Civil Engineering

faculty of Economics and Business
S1 Management S1 Accountancy

Faculty of Letters and Educational Sciences
S1 English literature S1 English language education S1 Mathematics education S1 Sports Education
teknopedia

  • Registerasi
  • Brosur UTI
  • Kip Scholarship Information
  • Performance
Flag Counter
  1. World Encyclopedia
  2. Bharat Operating System Solutions - Wikipedia
Bharat Operating System Solutions - Wikipedia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
icon
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
Find sources: "Bharat Operating System Solutions" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR
(September 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
This article may rely excessively on sources too closely associated with the subject, potentially preventing the article from being verifiable and neutral. Please help improve it by replacing them with more appropriate citations to reliable, independent sources. (March 2025) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
Indian Debian-based Linux distribution

Linux distribution
BOSS Linux
DeveloperC-DAC/NRCFOSS
OS familyLinux (Unix-like)
Working stateCurrent
Source modelOpen-source
(The source was never made freely available to the public)
Initial release10-January-2007 (19 years ago) (10-January-2007)
Latest release10.0 ("Pragya") / 15-March-2024 (23 months ago) (15-March-2024)
Marketing targetDesktop computer, Laptop, Education, and Server
Available in19 languages
List of languages
Assamese, Bengali, English (India), Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Odia, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu, Bodo, Urdu, Kashmiri, Maithili, Konkani and Manipuri
Update methodAPT (several front-ends available)
Package managerdpkg
Supported platformsx86-64
Kernel typeMonolithic (Linux)
UserlandGNU
Default
user interface
Cinnamon
LicenseDerived from GNU software but does not accept changes.
Official websitebosslinux.in

Bharat Operating System Solutions GNU/Linux, also referred to as BOSS Linux, is an Indian Linux distribution based on Debian. The latest stable release is 10.0 (Pragya), which was released in March-2024.

Editions

[edit]

BOSS Linux was released in various editions for different purposes:[1]

  • BOSS Desktop: Designed for personal, home, and office use.
  • EduBOSS: Designed for schools and educational institutions.
  • BOSS Server: Server variant of BOSS GNU/Linux supports Intel and AMD architectures.
  • BOSS MOOL: A special edition for maintainability by changing how kernel drivers are loaded as modules.
  • Secure BOSS: A Secure Linux distribution with access control and security policies.
  • CDAC ERP: ERP is an application to automate the business processes.

History

[edit]

BOSS Linux was developed by the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing with the aim of promoting the adoption of free and open-source software throughout India. As a deliverable software of the National Resource Centre for Free and Open Source Software, it has a desktop environment that includes support for various Indian language and instructional software.

The software was endorsed by the Government of India for adoption and implementation in India. BOSS Linux has been certified by the Linux Foundation for compliance with the Linux Standard Base.[2] BOSS Linux supported Intel and AMD IA-32/x86-64 architecture until version 6 ("Anoop"). Version 7 ("Drishti") onward only supports the x86-64 architecture.

Versions

[edit]

BOSS Linux has nine major releases:[3]

Legend:
Unsupported
Supported
Latest version
Preview version
Future version
Version Code name Kernel version Desktop Date of Release End of Support Date
Unsupported: Evaluation Sethu 2.6.14-2-smp GNOME 2.8
Unsupported: 1.0 Tarag 2.6.17-1-i386 GNOME 2.14 January-2006
Unsupported: 2.0 Anant 2.6.21-1-486 GNOME 2.18 September-2007
Unsupported: 3.0 Tejas 2.6.22-3-486 GNOME 2.20 September-2008
Unsupported: 4.0 Savir 2.6.32-5-686 GNOME 2.30.2 April-2011
Unsupported: 5.0 Anokha 3.10 GNOME 3.4.2 September-2013
Unsupported: 6.0 Anoop 3.16.0-4-686 GNOME 3.14.4 August-2015
Unsupported: 7.0 Drishti 4.9.0-8-amd64 GNOME 3.22 22-June-2017 21-June-2022
Unsupported: 8.0 Unnati 5.2 Cinnamon 03-October-2019 03-October-2023
Latest version: 9.0 Urja 5.10 Cinnamon 02-April-2022 30-June-2026
Latest version: 10.0 Pragya # Cinnamon 18-March-2024 30-June-2028

BOSS 5.0 (Anokha)

[edit]

This release came with many new applications focused mainly on enhanced security and user-friendliness.[vague] The distribution included over 12,800 new packages, for a total of over 37,493. Most of the software in the distribution had been updated as well: over 20,160 software packages (70% of all packages in Savir). BOSS 5.0 supported Linux Standard Base (LSB) version 4.1. It also featured XBMC to allow users to easily browse and view videos, photos, podcasts, and music from a hard drive, optical disc, local network, and the Internet.

BOSS 6.0 (Anoop)

[edit]

Notable changes in this release include a kernel update from 3.10 to 3.16, a shift for system boot from init to systemd, the full support of GNOME Shell as part of GNOME 3.14, an updated version of GRUB, the Iceweasel browser being replaced by Firefox and the Pidgin messaging client replacing Empathy, as well as several repository versions of available programs being updated as part of the release.

BOSS Linux 6.0 also shipped various application and program updates, such as LibreOffice, X.Org, Evolution, GIMP, VLC media player, GTK+, GCC, GNOME Keyring, and Python.

Related specifically to localization support, language support improved with the replacement of SCIM with IBus with the Integrated System Settings. Indic languages enabled with "Region and Languages" are now directly mapped to the IBus, and the OnScreenKeyboard layout is provided for all layouts.

This release is fully compatible with LSB 4.1.

BOSS 7.0 (Drishti)

[edit]

The most significant change over previous releases is that this release does not support x86 and BOSS is now only available for the x86-64 architecture. Other notable changes include a kernel update to 4.9.0, a GNOME update from 3.14 to 3.22, and software updates to various applications and programs with wide Indian language support & packages. This release aims to enhance the user interface with more glossy themes and is coupled with the latest applications from the community.

BOSS 8.0 (Unnati)

[edit]

The desktop environment is changed from GNOME to Cinnamon.

BOSS 9.0 (Urja)

[edit]

The Linux kernel was updated from 5.2 to 5.10.

BOSS 10.0 (Pragya)

[edit]

BOSS GNU/Linux version 10 features the Cinnamon Desktop Environment and aims to provide a complete e-Governance stack based on free and open source software.[a] The recommended system requirements include 2 GB of RAM, 15 GB of hard drive space, and a minimum 1GHz Pentium processor.[4]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Despite the name, the source code of BOSS GNU/Linux is not publicly available.

See also

[edit]
  • iconLinux portal
  • Debian
  • Comparison of Linux distributions
  • Free culture movement
  • Simputer

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "iOSS Linux".
  2. ^ The Product Directory of The Linux Foundation, LSB Certification Management System Archived 26 November 2009 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved on 31 October 2008
  3. ^ "BOSS Security | BOSS Linux".
  4. ^ "Downloads – BOSS GNU/Linux". BOSS GNU/Linux. Retrieved 26 September 2024.

External links

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bharat Operating System Solutions.
  • Official website Edit this at Wikidata
  • Bharat Operating System Solutions at DistroWatch
  • v
  • t
  • e
Linux distributions
Android
LineageOS
  • /e/
  • CalyxOS
  • CrDroid
  • iodéOS
  • Replicant
  • Android-x86
  • Celadon
  • ColorOS
  • EMUI
  • Fire OS
  • GrapheneOS
  • HiOS
  • One UI
  • Paranoid Android
  • Resurrection Remix OS
  • OmniROM
  • XOS
  • Xiaomi HyperOS
Arch
  • ArchBang
  • Artix
  • BlackArch
  • CachyOS
  • EndeavourOS
  • Garuda
  • Hyperbola GNU
  • LinHES
  • Manjaro
  • Omarchy
  • Parabola GNU
  • SteamOS (3.0 onwards)
  • SystemRescue
  • Debian
    Ubuntu
    • Official: Edubuntu
    • Kubuntu
    • Lubuntu
    • Ubuntu Budgie
    • Ubuntu Cinnamon
    • Ubuntu Kylin
    • Ubuntu MATE
    • Ubuntu Studio
    • Ubuntu Unity
    • Xubuntu
    • Derivatives: AnduinOS
    • BackBox
    • Bodhi Linux
    • elementary OS
    • Emmabuntüs
    • KDE neon
    • Freespire
    • Linux Lite
    • Linux Mint
    • Nova OS
    • Peppermint OS
    • Pop! OS
    • Trisquel
    • Ubuntu Touch
    • Uncom OS
    • Uruk
    • Winux
    • Zorin OS
    • antiX
    • Astra
    • Bharat Operating System Solutions
    • BlankOn Linux
    • Commodore OS
    • Damn Small Linux
    • deepin
    • Devuan
    • Elive
    • Endless OS
    • FreedomBox
    • Kali
    • Kanotix
    • Knoppix
    • MX Linux
    • Parrot OS
    • PureOS
    • Raspberry Pi OS
    • Q4OS
    • Slax
    • SparkyLinux
    • SolydXK
    • Tails
    • Tizen
    • TrueNAS
    • UOS
    • Whonix
    Fedora
    CentOS
    Stream
  • AlmaLinux
  • EulerOS
  • Miracle Linux
  • Oracle Linux
  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux
  • Rocky Linux
    • Asahi Linux
    • Bazzite
    • Network Security Toolkit
    • Nobara
    • Qubes OS
    • Red Star OS
    • Sailfish OS
    Gentoo
  • Calculate Linux
  • ChromiumOS (ChromeOS)
  • Pentoo
  • Mandrake
    • ALT Linux
    • PCLinuxOS
    Mandriva
    • Mageia
    • OpenMandriva Lx
    • ROSA Linux
    Slackware
    • Austrumi Linux
    • Porteus
    • Salix OS
    • Slax
    • Zenwalk
    SUSE
    • openSUSE
      • SUSE Linux Enterprise
        • Open Enterprise Server
      • GeckoLinux
    Other
    • 4MLinux
    • Alpine
    • Chimera Linux
    • CRUX
      • Kwort
    • GoboLinux
    • Guix SD
    • KaiOS
    • KaOS
    • Linux from Scratch
    • NixOS
    • postmarketOS
    • Puppy
    • RED OS
    • Source Mage
    • Solus
    • T2 SDE
    • Tiny Core Linux
    • Void
    Discontinued
    Android
    • CyanogenMod
    • Cherry OS
    • DivestOS
    • MIUI
    • PixelExperience
    • Remix OS
    Arch
    • ArchLabs
    • Antergos
    • Chakra
    • Frugalware
    Debian
    • Ubuntu: Asturix
    • Black Lab Linux
    • Cub Linux
    • Gobuntu
    • gOS
    • Linux Caixa Mágica
    • LinuxTLE
    • LXLE Linux
    • Pinguy OS
    • Sabily
    • Ubuntu GNOME
    • Other derivatives: BackTrack
    • Corel Linux
    • CrunchBang Linux
    • DoudouLinux
    • Dreamlinux
    • Feather Linux
    • gNewSense
    • HandyLinux
    • Kaisen
    • Libranet
    • Musix GNU+Linux
    • Parsix
    • SteamOS (1.0–2.0)
    • Sunwah Linux
    • Xandros
    • UserLinux
    Gentoo
    • Container Linux
    • Sabayon Linux
    • xB Machine
    Red Hat,
    Fedora
    • BLAG Linux and GNU
    • CentOS
    • ClearOS
    • Linpus Linux
    • Korora
    • Linux for PlayStation 2
    • Scientific Linux
    • Red Hat Linux
    • Rocks Cluster Distribution
    • Think Blue Linux
    • Turbolinux
    • Vine Linux
    • Yellow Dog Linux
    Slackware
    • Absolute Linux
    • BioSLAX
    • Damn Vulnerable Linux
    • KateOS
    • Kongoni
    • NimbleX
    • Platypux
    • TopologiLinux
    • VectorLinux
    SUSE
    • SUSE Studio Express
    Other
    • Caldera OpenLinux
    • Chaos
    • Clear Linux OS
    • DemoLinux
    • Dragora
    • Familiar Linux
    • Firefox OS
      • B2G OS
    • Floppyfw
    • Foresight Linux
    • Immunix
    • Jurix
    • Linux Router Project
    • MCC Interim Linux
    • MeeGo
      • Mer
    • Mobilinux
    • OpenELEC
    • Softlanding Linux System
    • Splashtop OS
    • Turkix
    • List
    • Comparison
    • icon Linux portal
    • Category
    • v
    • t
    • e
    GNU Project
    History
    • GNU Manifesto
    • Free Software Foundation
      • Europe
      • India
      • Latin America
    • History of free software
    Licenses
    • GNU General Public License
      • linking exception
      • font exception
    • GNU Lesser General Public License
    • GNU Affero General Public License
    • GNU Free Documentation License
    • GNAT Modified General Public License
    Software
    • GNU (variants)
    • Hurd
    • Linux-libre
    • glibc
    • Bash
    • coreutils
    • findutils
    • Build system
    • GCC
    • binutils
    • GDB
    • GRUB
    • GNUstep
    • GIMP
    • Jami
    • GNU Emacs
    • GNU TeXmacs
    • GNU Octave
    • GNU Taler
    • GNU R
    • GSL
    • GMP
    • GNU Electric
    • GNU Archimedes
    • GNUnet
    • GNU Privacy Guard
    • Gnuzilla (IceCat)
    • GNU Health
    • GNUmed
    • GNU LilyPond
    • GNU Go
    • GNU Chess
    • Gnash
    • Guix
    • more...
    Contributors
    • Benjamin Mako Hill
    • Bradley M. Kuhn
    • Brian Fox
    • Federico Heinz
    • John Sullivan
    • Richard M. Stallman
    Other topics
    • GNU/Linux naming controversy
    • Revolution OS
    • Free Software Foundation anti-Windows campaigns
    • Defective by Design
    • v
    • t
    • e
    Linux
    Linux kernel
    • History
    • Linus's law
    • Linux-libre
    • Booting process
    • Kernel oops
    • Tux
    • more…
    Controversies
    • Criticism of Linux
    • Criticism of desktop Linux
    • GNU/Linux naming controversy
    • Tanenbaum–Torvalds debate
    • SCO and Linux
    Distributions
    • General comparison
    • Distributions list
    • Netbook-specific comparison
    • Distributions that run from RAM
    • Lightweight
    • Security-focused operating system
    • Package manager
      • Package format
      • List of software package managers
    Organizations
    • LinuxChix
    • Linux Counter
    • Linux Documentation Project
    • Linux Foundation
    • Linux Mark Institute
    • Linux User Group (LUG)
    Adoption
    • Adopters
    • Desktop
    • Embedded
    • Gaming
    • Mobile
    • Range of use
    • State/government-sponsored
    • Linux malware
    Media
    • DistroWatch
    • Free Software Magazine
    • Full Circle
    • Linux.com
    • Linux Format
    • Linux Gazette
    • Linux Journal
    • Linux Magazine
    • LinuxUser
      • Ubuntu User
    • Linux Outlaws
    • Linux Voice
    • LugRadio
    • LWN.net
    • Phoronix
    • Revolution OS
    • The Code
    Security
    certifications
    • CompTIA Linux+
    • Linux Foundation
    • Red Hat
    • icon Linux portal
    • Free and open-source software portal
    • Category
    Retrieved from "https://teknopedia.ac.id/w/index.php?title=Bharat_Operating_System_Solutions&oldid=1333231156"
    Categories:
    • 2007 software
    • Debian-based distributions
    • Language-specific Linux distributions
    • Operating system distributions bootable from read-only media
    • X86-64 Linux distributions
    • Indic computing
    • Urdu-language computing
    • State-sponsored Linux distributions
    • Linux distributions
    Hidden categories:
    • Webarchive template wayback links
    • Articles needing additional references from September 2023
    • All articles needing additional references
    • Articles lacking reliable references from March 2025
    • All articles lacking reliable references
    • Articles with short description
    • Short description is different from Wikidata
    • Use dmy dates from February 2017
    • Short description matches Wikidata
    • All Wikipedia articles needing clarification
    • Wikipedia articles needing clarification from March 2025
    • Commons category link from Wikidata

    • indonesia
    • Polski
    • العربية
    • Deutsch
    • English
    • Español
    • Français
    • Italiano
    • مصرى
    • Nederlands
    • 日本語
    • Português
    • Sinugboanong Binisaya
    • Svenska
    • Українська
    • Tiếng Việt
    • Winaray
    • 中文
    • Русский
    Sunting pranala
    url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url
    Pusat Layanan

    UNIVERSITAS TEKNOKRAT INDONESIA | ASEAN's Best Private University
    Jl. ZA. Pagar Alam No.9 -11, Labuhan Ratu, Kec. Kedaton, Kota Bandar Lampung, Lampung 35132
    Phone: (0721) 702022
    Email: pmb@teknokrat.ac.id