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Welcome to the Thailand Portal / สถานีย่อยประเทศไทย

Kingdom of Thailand ราชอาณาจักรไทย (Thai) Ratcha-anachak Thai
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ISO 3166 code	TH

Thailand, officially the Kingdom of Thailand and historically known as Siam (the official name until 1939), is a country in Southeast Asia on the Indochinese Peninsula. With a population of almost 66 million, it spans 513,115 square kilometres (198,115 sq mi). Thailand is bordered to the northwest by Myanmar, to the northeast and east by Laos, to the southeast by Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the southwest by the Andaman Sea; it also shares maritime borders with Vietnam to the southeast and Indonesia and India to the southwest. Bangkok is the state capital and largest city.

Apart from a brief period of parliamentary democracy in the mid-1970s and 1990s, Thailand has periodically alternated between democracy and military rule. Since the 2000s, the country has been in continual political conflict between supporters and opponents of twice-elected Prime Minister of Thailand Thaksin Shinawatra, which resulted in two coups (in 2006 and 2014), along with the establishment of its current constitution, a nominally democratic government after the 2019 Thai general election, and large pro-democracy protests in 2020–2021, which included unprecedented demands to reform the monarchy. Since 2019, it has been nominally a parliamentary constitutional monarchy; in practice, however, structural advantages in the constitution have ensured the military's continued influence in politics.

Thailand is a middle power in global affairs and a founding member of ASEAN. It has the second-largest economy in Southeast Asia and the 23rd-largest in the world by PPP, and it ranks 91st by nominal GDP per capita. Thailand is classified as a newly industrialised economy, with manufacturing, agriculture, and tourism as leading sectors. (Full article...)

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Image 1

Passenger terminal and airport traffic control tower

Suvarnabhumi Airport (IATA: BKK, ICAO: VTBS) is the main international airport serving Bangkok, the capital of Thailand. Located mostly in Racha Thewa subdistrict, Bang Phli district, Samut Prakan province, it covers an area of 3,240 ha (32.4 km²; 8,000 acres), making it one of the biggest international airports in Southeast Asia and a regional hub for aviation. The airport is also a major Cargo Air Freight Hub (20th busiest in 2019), which has a designated Airport Free Zone, as well as road links to the Eastern Economic Corridor (EEC) on Motorway 7. (Full article...)
Image 2

Parinya Charoenphol at Fairtex Gym in Bangkok.

Parinya Charoenphol (born 9 June 1981) (Thai: ปริญญา เจริญผล; RTGS: parinya charoenphon), nicknamed Toom, also known by the stage name Parinya Kiatbusaba and the colloquial name Nong Toom or Nong Tum, is a Thai boxer, former muay Thai (Thai boxing) champion, model and actress. She is a kathoey, a Thai word referring to what is often considered a distinct gender in Thailand and elsewhere generally considered to be gender-nonconforming men or transgender women. At the age of 18, she underwent sex reassignment surgery. (Full article...)
Image 3
In a rural hill tribe in Northern Thailand, a villager smiles with stained teeth from her Betel Chew.

Betel quid chewing has always been an important part of Thai culture and tradition. In the past, betel chewing was a popular daily activity among Thais all over the country. Betel comes from the plant known as Areca catechu, which grows wild all over Thailand and is known as หมาก (maak). (Full article...)
Image 4

Green papaya salad with yardlong beans, chili, pla ra, brined crab, hog plum and lime

Green papaya salad (Burmese: သင်္ဘောသီးသုပ်; Khmer: បុកល្ហុង; Lao: ຕຳຫມາກຫຸ່ງ/ຕໍາສົ້ມ, pronounced [tàm mȁːk.hūŋ, tàm.sȍm]; Rakhine: ပဒကာသီးသုပ်; Thai: ส้มตำ, pronounced [sôm.tām], RTGS: somtam; Northeastern Thai: ตำบักหุ่ง/ตำส้ม, pronounced [tām bǎk.hūŋ, tām.sòm]; and Vietnamese: gỏi đu đủ) is a spicy salad made from shredded unripe papaya. It is generally believed to have been created by the Lao people and is considered one of the national dishes of Laos. Green papaya salad is also popular in neighbouring Thailand's Isan region, whose population is mainly composed of ethnic Lao and from where it spread to the rest of Thailand. Green papaya salad has also spread to the rest of the continental Southeast Asia (Cambodia, Myanmar, and Vietnam), as well as Xishuangbanna (China). (Full article...)
Image 5

The Democracy Monument in 2019

The Democracy Monument (Thai: อนุสาวรีย์ประชาธิปไตย, romanized: Anusawari Prachathipatai) is a public monument in the city center of Bangkok, capital of Thailand. It occupies a traffic circle on the wide east–west Ratchadamnoen Avenue, at the intersection of Dinso Road. The monument is roughly halfway between Sanam Luang, the former royal cremation ground in front of Wat Phra Kaew, and the temple of the Golden Mount (Phu Kao Thong). (Full article...)
Image 6
Yam wun sen kung, a spicy Thai salad with glass noodles and prawns

Thai cuisine (Thai: อาหารไทย, RTGS: ahan thai, pronounced [ʔāː.hǎːn tʰāj]) is the national cuisine of Thailand.

Thai cooking places emphasis on lightly prepared dishes with aromatics and spicy heat. The Australian chef David Thompson, an expert on Thai food, observes that unlike many other cuisines, Thai cooking is "about the juggling of disparate elements to create a harmonious finish. Like a complex musical chord it's got to have a smooth surface but it doesn't matter what's happening underneath. Simplicity isn't the dictum here, at all." (Full article...)
Image 7

The monarchy of Thailand is the constitutional form of government of Thailand (formerly Siam). The king of Thailand (Thai: พระมหากษัตริย์ไทย, historically, king of Siam; Thai: พระเจ้ากรุงสยาม) is the head of state and head of the ruling Chakri dynasty.

Although the current Chakri dynasty was created in 1782, the existence of the institution of monarchy in Thailand is traditionally considered to have its roots in the founding of the Sukhothai Kingdom in 1238, with a brief interregnum from the death of Ekkathat to the accession of Taksin in the 18th century. The institution was transformed into a constitutional monarchy in 1932 after the bloodless Siamese Revolution of 1932. The monarchy's official ceremonial residence is the Grand Palace in Bangkok, while the private residence has been at the Dusit Palace.
The king of Thailand is head of state, Highest Commander of the Royal Thai Armed Forces, adherent of Buddhism and upholder of religions. (Full article...)
Image 8

Phra Pathommachedi

Phra Pathommachedi or Phra Pathom Chedi (Thai: พระปฐมเจดีย์) is a Buddhist stupa in Thailand. The stupa is located in the Wat Phra Pathommachedi Ratcha Wora Maha Wihan (Thai: วัดพระปฐมเจดีย์ราชวรมหาวิหาร), a temple in the town center of Nakhon Pathom, Nakhon Pathom Province, Thailand. Phra Pathommachedi is one of the tallest stupas in the world. The top of its spire reaches 120.45 meters, with the base circumference of 235.50 meters.

The name Phra Pathommachedi means the first holy stupa, given by king Mongkut. Modern Historians believe that the stupa was one of the principal stupas of ancient Nakhon Pathom, the largest city of the Mon kingdom of Dvaravati in Nakhon Pathom area together with the nearby Phra Prathon Chedi (Thai: พระประโทณเจดีย์) during the 6th to the 8th centuries. (Full article...)
Image 9

"Phasa Thai" (literally meaning "Thai language") written in Thai script

Thai, or Central Thai (historically Siamese; Thai: ภาษาไทย), is a Tai language of the Kra–Dai language family spoken by the Central Thai, Mon, Lao Wiang, Phuan people in Central Thailand and the vast majority of Thai Chinese enclaves throughout the country. It is the sole official language of Thailand.

Thai is the most spoken of over 60 languages of Thailand by both number of native and overall speakers. Over half of its vocabulary is derived from or borrowed from Pali, Sanskrit, Mon and Old Khmer. It is a tonal and analytic language. Thai has a complex orthography and system of relational markers. Spoken Thai, depending on standard sociolinguistic factors such as age, gender, class, spatial proximity, and the urban/rural divide, is partly mutually intelligible with Lao, Isan, and some fellow Thai topolects. These languages are written with slightly different scripts, but are linguistically similar and effectively form a dialect continuum. (Full article...)
Image 10

Thai people at a cremation ceremony at Wat Chedi Luang in Chiang Mai

Thai people (also known as Siamese people and by various demonyms) are a Southeast Asian ethnic group native to Thailand. In a narrower and ethnic sense, the Thais are also a Tai ethnic group dominant in Central and Southern Thailand (Siam proper). Part of the larger Tai ethno-linguistic group native to Southeast Asia as well as Southern China and Northeast India, Thais speak the Sukhothai languages (Central Thai and Southern Thai language), which is classified as part of the Kra–Dai family of languages. The majority of Thais are followers of Theravada Buddhism.

Government policies during the late 1930s and early 1940s resulted in the successful forced assimilation of various ethno-linguistic groups into the country's dominant Central Thai language and culture, leading to the term Thai people to come to refer to the population of Thailand overall. This includes other subgroups of the Tai ethno-linguistic group, such as the Yuan people and the Isan people, as well as non-Southeast Asian and non-Tai groups, the largest of which is that of the Han Chinese, who form a substantial minority ethnic group in Thailand. (Full article...)

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General images

The following are images from various Thailand-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Thai administrative division in 1941 (Rama VIII) (from History of Thailand)
Image 2Buddhist novices receiving joss sticks. (from Culture of Thailand)
Image 3Ananta Samakhom Throne Hall, the royal reception hall built in European architectural style. Construction was started by Rama V, but was completed in 1915. (from History of Thailand)
Image 4United Front for Democracy Against Dictatorship, Red Shirts, protest on Ratchaprasong intersection in 2010. (from History of Thailand)
Image 5Siamese administrative division in 1916 (Rama VI) (from History of Thailand)
Image 6Wat Arun (from History of Thailand)
Image 7A 14-year-old Vietnamese contaminated with Agent Orange. (from History of Thailand)
Image 8Rattanakosin administrative division in 1882 (Rama V) (from History of Thailand)
Image 9People floating krathong rafts during the Loi Krathong festival in Chiang Mai, Thailand (from Culture of Thailand)
Image 10Thai administrative division in 1973 (Rama IX) (from History of Thailand)
Image 11Rattanakosin administrative division in 1824 (Rama II) (from History of Thailand)
Image 12Mural painting at Phra Thi Nang Phutthaisawan dates back to the early Rattanakosin period. (from Culture of Thailand)
Image 13Walking Street, Pattaya (from History of Thailand)
Image 14Rattanakosin administrative division in 1837 (Rama III) (from History of Thailand)
Image 15Wat Phra Kaew, an example of early Rattanakosin period architecture located in Bangkok's historic Rattanakosin Island. (from Culture of Thailand)
Image 16Protesters mobilising, 1 December 2013 (from History of Thailand)
Image 17A group of traditional Thai houses at King Rama II Memorial Park in Amphawa, Samut Songkhram. (from Culture of Thailand)
Image 18Siamese administrative division in 1932 (Rama VII) (from History of Thailand)
Image 19Khaosan Road, Bangkok (from History of Thailand)
Image 20Rattanakosin administrative division in 1805 (Rama I) (from History of Thailand)
Image 21Map showing linguistic family tree overlaid on a geographic distribution map of Tai-Kadai family. This map only shows general pattern of the migration of Tai-speaking tribes, not specific routes, which would have snaked along the rivers and over the lower passes. (from History of Thailand)
Image 22Thai greeting, the smile is an important symbol of refinement in Thai culture. (from Culture of Thailand)
Image 23Thonburi administrative division in 1780 (Borommaracha IV) (from History of Thailand)
Image 2415th-16th century Sawankhalok stoneware with brown underglaze and pale blue glaze (from Culture of Thailand)
Image 25King Prajadhipok signing the Permanent Constitution of Siam on 10 December 1932 (from History of Thailand)
Image 2615th-century Kalong ware glazed stoneware dish (from Culture of Thailand)
Image 27Siamese administrative division in 1890 (Rama V) (from History of Thailand)
Image 28Siamese administrative division in 1900 (Rama V) (from History of Thailand)
Image 29Muay Thai match in Bangkok, Thailand (from Culture of Thailand)
Image 30Siam in 1900 (from History of Thailand)
Image 31Thai women wearing Isan Modifide sinh dress for Boon Bang Fai festival in Roi Et (from Culture of Thailand)
Image 32Mural painting in Wat Borom Niwat by Khrua In Khong. (from Culture of Thailand)
Image 33The Democracy Monument in Bangkok, built in 1940 to commemorate the end of the absolute monarchy in 1932, was the scene of massive demonstrations in 1973, 1976, 1992 and 2010. (from History of Thailand)
Image 34Rattanakosin administrative division in 1850 (Rama III) (from History of Thailand)
Image 35Funeral pyre of Chan Kusalo, the patriarch-abbot of northern Thailand. (from Culture of Thailand)
Image 3617th-19th century Benjarong style ceramics from Ayutthaya. (from Culture of Thailand)
Image 37Five states of Siam that emerged from the dissolution of the Ayutthaya Kingdom in 1767 (from History of Thailand)
Image 38Thaksin Shinawatra, Prime Minister of Thailand, 2001–2006. (from History of Thailand)
Image 39A group of Kalae houses, traditional northern Thai house located at Thawan Duchanee's house in Chiang Rai. (from Culture of Thailand)
Image 40Thai women wearing sabai, Jim Thompson House (from Culture of Thailand)
Image 41Schoolgirls and boys playing khrueang sai in front of a temple (from Culture of Thailand)
Image 42General Prayut Chan-o-cha, the coup leader (from History of Thailand)
Image 43Thai administrative division in 2023 (Rama X) (from History of Thailand)
Image 44Siamese administrative division in 1893 (Rama V) (from History of Thailand)
Image 45Vajiralongkorn, the current monarch of Thailand (from History of Thailand)
Image 46Wat Arun, the most prominent temple of the Thonburi period, derives its name from the Hindu god Aruṇa. Its main prang was constructed later in the Rattanakosin period. (from History of Thailand)
Image 47King Chulalongkorn (from History of Thailand)
Image 48Buakaw Banchamek, a famous Muay Thai fighter (from Culture of Thailand)
Image 49Rattanakosin administrative division in 1800 (Rama I) (from History of Thailand)
Image 50Phibun welcomes students of Chulalongkorn University, at Bangkok's Grand Palace – 8 October 1940. (from History of Thailand)
Image 51Siamese administrative division in 1906 (Rama V) (from History of Thailand)
Image 52Mural painting in Wat Amphawan Chetiyaram showing the royal cremation ceremony (from Culture of Thailand)
Image 53Display of respect of the younger towards the elder is a cornerstone value in Thailand. A family during the Buddhist ceremony for young men who are to be ordained as monks. (from Culture of Thailand)
Image 54Yi Peng, floating lantern festival in Northern Thailand, observed around the same time as Loy Krathong. (from Culture of Thailand)
Image 55Sukhothai administrative division in 1293 (Ramkhamhaeng) (from History of Thailand)
Image 56Thai administrative division in 1950 (Rama IX) (from History of Thailand)
Image 57A Buddha from Wat Kukkut, Lamphun (from History of Thailand)
Image 58A traditional wedding in Thailand. (from Culture of Thailand)
Image 59The Khmer temple of Wat Phra Prang Sam Yod, Lopburi. (from History of Thailand)
Image 60The ruins of Ayutthaya city was completely buried beneath a mass of jungle vegetation in 1930. (from History of Thailand)
Image 61Gurkhas guide disarmed Japanese soldiers from Bangkok to prisoner of war camps outside the city, September 1945 (from History of Thailand)
Image 62Ayutthaya administrative division in 1767 (Borommaracha III) (from History of Thailand)
Image 63Siamese Expeditionary Forces in Paris Victory Parade, 1919. (from History of Thailand)
Image 64Thai administrative division in 1945 (Rama VIII) (from History of Thailand)
Image 65Mural painting of the epic Ramakien depicts the Hanuman enlarging his body to rescue Phra Ram. (from Culture of Thailand)
Image 66Thai soldiers at the Chang Phueak Gate in Chiang Mai. (from History of Thailand)
Image 67Siamese monthon division in 1900 (Rama V) (from History of Thailand)
Image 68The image depicts Khon, a traditional dance drama that has been recognized as a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage since 2018. (from Culture of Thailand)
Image 69A wedding ceremony in Thailand. (from Culture of Thailand)
Image 70Painted pottery bowls from the Ban Chiang archaeological site. (from Culture of Thailand)
Image 71People's Alliance for Democracy, Yellow Shirts, rally on Sukhumvit Road in 2008. (from History of Thailand)
Image 72Traditional Thai desserts (from Culture of Thailand)
Image 73The roads along the old moat of Chiang Mai are full of vehicles during the Songkran water splashing festival. (from Culture of Thailand)

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This is a Good article, an article that meets a core set of high editorial standards.

Si Prat (Thai: ศรีปราชญ์) is a legendary Thai poet believed to have served King Narai during the 17th century. According to traditional tellings, he was subsequently banished to South Thailand as a result of his personal indiscretions and executed after having an affair with the wife of a provincial governor.

Si Prat is regarded as one of the foremost Thai poets of the Ayutthaya period and epitomizes the genius court poet during the kingdom's golden age of literature. The 131-stanza poem Kamsuan Samut (c. 1680), regarded as a seminal work from the era, has traditionally been attributed to him, as is the Anirut Kham Chan. However, the attributions have been questioned by late 20th-century literary scholarship, and the historical existence of Si Prat is nowadays regarded as a myth by most academics. (Full article...)

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... that the performers in the Thai drag show Calypso Cabaret impressed Lady Gaga with their ability to be open about their identities?
... that Maxine North swore never to return to Thailand after the death of her undercover CIA husband, but ultimately settled there and introduced bottled water to the country?
... that the electropop rock band Siamés created "Argentina's first anime music video"?
... that the first batch of Action Computer Enterprise's Discovery 1600, one of the first multi-user microcomputers, was delivered to a tobacco-growing business in Thailand?
... that "gambling lord" Hong Taechawanit's mansion in Thailand became a police station?
... that the packaging of one Thai throat lozenge features five centipedes?
... that a restaurant in a Thai hotel serves "Chicken Volcano", a dish containing whiskey?
... that So Sethaputra compiled his authoritative English–Thai dictionary while in prison, with the manuscripts smuggled out for publication?

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Yam thale, Thai mixed seafood salad

Salads that are internationally known as Thai salads with a few exceptions fall into four main preparation methods. In Thai cuisine these are called yam, tam, lap and phla. A few other dishes can also be regarded as being a salad. (Full article...)

List of fare/cuisine articles
Thai cuisine Tom yum Street food of Thailand Beer in Thailand Chim chum Pad thai Thai curry Nine auspicious Thai desserts Miang kham Mango sticky rice Khao tom Thai fried rice Phuket cuisine Naem Khao kha mu Pla ra Kaeng som

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Credit:User:Diliff

A spectacular sunset in Bangkok, showing the skytrain and modern skyline, taken from the corner of Thanon Silom. Taken on the 4th of June, 2004.

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... that about 6 million people are infected with Opisthorchis viverrini (pictured) in Thailand?

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Thailand topics

History:	Ayutthaya Kingdom, Chakri dynasty, Constitution of Thailand, Early history of Thailand, Effect of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake on Thailand, Hariphunchai, History of Thailand (1768–1932), History of Thailand (1932–1973), History of Thailand (1973-2001), History of Thailand since 2001, Lan Na, Nakhon Si Thammarat Kingdom, Pattani Kingdom, Plaek Pibulsonggram, Pridi Phanomyong, Sarit Dhanarajata, Siamese coup d'état of 1932, South Thailand insurgency, Srivijaya
Politics:	1997 Constitution of Thailand, 2006 interim constitution of Thailand, Administrative divisions of Thailand, Cabinet of Thailand, Constitution of Thailand, Constitutional Court of Thailand, Foreign relations of Thailand, Government of Thailand, National Assembly of Thailand, People's Alliance for Democracy, Sonthi Boonyaratglin, South Thailand insurgency, Pridiyathorn Devakula, Prem Tinsulanonda, Surayud Chulanont, 2006 Thai coup d'état, Thai 2006 interim civilian government, Thai Rak Thai, Thaksin Shinawatra, Samak Sundaravej
Economy:	Agriculture in Thailand, Baht, Bank of Thailand, List of banks in Thailand Bureau of the Crown Property, Stock Exchange of Thailand, Suvarnabhumi Airport, Thai Airways, Thaksinomics, Tourism in Thailand, Transport in Thailand, US-Thailand Free Trade Agreement, Rail transport in Thailand, Thai motorway network
Geography:	Bangkok Metropolitan Area, Chao Phraya River, Demographics of Thailand, Doi Inthanon, Gulf of Thailand, Khao Lak, Khao Yai National Park, Khorat Plateau, Ko Chang, Ko Samet, Ko Samui, Kra Isthmus, Kwai river, Mekong, Patong Beach, Phi Phi Islands, Three Pagodas Pass
Provinces:	Bangkok, Chiang Mai Province, Chiang Rai Province, Chonburi Province, Kanchanaburi Province, Khon Kaen Province, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Narathiwat Province, Pattani Province, Phuket Province, Songkhla Province, Ubon Ratchathani Province, Udon Thani Province, Yala Province
Culture:	Thai art, Buddhism in Thailand, Buddhist temples in Thailand, Cinema of Thailand, Cuisine of Thailand, Dance in Thailand, Education in Thailand, Farang, Flag of Thailand, Kathoey, Lakorn, Literature in Thailand, Thai language, Loi Krathong, Media of Thailand, Muay Thai, Music of Thailand, List of television stations in Thailand, Thai names, National Museum, Thai New Year, Public holidays in Thailand, Ramakien, Royal Flags of Thailand, Royal Flora Ratchaphruek, Thai greeting, Thai-style dresses, Traditional Thai musical instruments
Others:	Pridi Banomyong, King Bhumibol Adulyadej, Communications in Thailand, Elephant Nature Park, Environmental issues in Thailand, Grand Palace, Bangkok, Prostitution in Thailand, Queen Sirikit, Military of Thailand, Thai royal and noble titles, List of shopping malls in Thailand, Thai studies