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  1. World Encyclopedia
  2. Chloride potassium symporter
Chloride potassium symporter
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Type of membrane transport protein

The chloride potassium symporter is a membrane transport protein of the solute carrier family 12 that is present in the S3-segment of the renal proximal tubule[1] and in the neuron.[2] It functions in renal chloride reabsorption to transport chloride across the basolateral membrane.[1] Chloride potassium symporter can lower intracellular chloride concentrations below the electrochemical equilibrium potential.[2]

The concentrations of K+ and Cl− ions are high inside the cell due to the activities of Na+/K+ ATPase and NKCC cotransporter, respectively. Hence, their net driving force acting on the K/Cl cotransporter favours the exit of both K+ and Cl− from the cell.

Types

[edit]

Chloride potassium symporter are classified into:

  • Chloride potassium symporter 4, predominating in the kidney.
  • Chloride potassium symporter 5, predominating in neurons.

Each is encoded by a separate gene of the solute carrier family 12, hence accounting for the numbers succeeding its name. For example, chloride potassium symporter 5, or KCC2, is expressed through the SLC12A5 gene. Notably, symporters prior to 4 in the same family are other types of ion pumps. SLC12A3, for instance, is the sodium-chloride symporter.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Walter F., PhD. Boron (2005). Medical Physiology: A Cellular And Molecular Approach. Elsevier/Saunders. ISBN 1-4160-2328-3. Page 780
  2. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: SLC12A5 solute carrier family 12, (potassium-chloride transporter) member 5". Retrieved 28 August 2013.
  • v
  • t
  • e
Membrane transport protein: ion pumps, ATPases / ATP synthase (TC 3A2-3A3)
F-, V-, and A-type ATPase (3.A.2)
H+ (F-type)
  • H+ transporting, mitochondrial: ATP5A1
  • ATP5B
  • ATP5C1
  • ATP5C2
  • ATP5D
  • ATP5E
  • ATP5F1
  • ATP5MC1
  • ATP5G2
  • ATP5G3
  • ATP5H
  • ATP5I
  • ATP5J
  • ATP5J2
  • ATP5L
  • ATP5L2
  • ATP5O
  • ATP5S
H+ (V-type)
  • H+ transporting, lysosomal: ATP6AP1
  • ATP6AP2
  • ATP6V1A
  • ATP6V1B1
  • ATP6V1B2
  • ATP6V1C1
  • ATP6V1C2
  • ATP6V1D
  • ATP6V1E1
  • ATP6V1E2
  • ATP6V1F
  • ATP6V1G1
  • ATP6V1G2
  • ATP6V1G3
  • ATP6V1H
  • ATP6V0A1
  • ATP6V0A2
  • ATP6V0A4
  • ATP6V0B
  • ATP6V0C
  • ATP6V0D1
  • ATP6V0D2
  • ATP6V0E
  • ATP6V0E1
  • TCIRG1
A-ATPase
found in Archea
P-type ATPase (3.A.3)
  • 3.A.3.1.1: Na+/K+ transporting: ATP1A1
  • ATP1A2
  • ATP1A3
  • ATP1A4
  • ATP1B1
  • ATP1B2
  • ATP1B3
  • ATP1B4
  • ATP1G1
  • 3.A.3.1.2: H+/K+
  • H+/K+ exchanging: ATP4A
  • ATP4B
  • 3.A.3.1.4: H+/K+ transporting, nongastric: ATP12A
  • 3.A.3.2: Ca2+ (SERCA, PMCA, SPCA) / Ca2+ transporting: ATP2A1
  • ATP2A2
  • ATP2A3
  • ATP2B1
  • ATP2B2
  • ATP2B3
  • ATP2B4
  • ATP2C1
  • 3.A.3.5: Cu2+ transporting: ATP7A
  • ATP7B
  • 3.A.3.8.8: flippase: ATP8A2
  • Other/ungrouped:
  • Na+/K+ – H+
  • Mg2+ transporting: ATP3
  • Class I, type 8: ATP8A1
  • ATP8B1
  • ATP8B2
  • ATP8B3
  • ATP8B4
  • Class II, type 9: ATP9A
  • ATP9B
  • Class V, type 10: ATP10A
  • ATP10B
  • ATP10D
  • Class VI, type 11: ATP11A
  • ATP11B
  • ATP11C
  • type 13: ATP13A1
  • ATP13A2
  • ATP13A3
  • ATP13A4
  • ATP13A5
see also ATPase disorders
  • v
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  • e
Proteins: carrier proteins
Fatty acid
  • FABP1
  • FABP2
  • FABP3
  • FABP4
  • FABP5
  • FABP6
  • FABP7
Hormone
  • peptide hormone: Follistatin
  • Growth hormone binding protein
  • Insulin-like growth factor binding protein
    • IGFBP1
    • IGFBP2
    • IGFBP3
    • IGFBP4
    • IGFBP5
    • IGFBP6
    • IGFBP7
  • Neurophysins
    • Neurophysin I
    • II
  • steroid hormone: Sex hormone binding globulin/Androgen binding protein
  • Transcortin
  • Thyroxine-binding globulin
  • Transthyretin
Metal/element
  • calcium
    • Calcium-binding protein
    • Calmodulin-binding proteins
  • copper
    • Ceruloplasmin
  • iron
    • Iron-binding proteins
    • Transferrin receptor
Vitamin
  • Retinol binding protein
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3
    • 4
  • Transcobalamin
Pigment
  • Plant Light-Harvesting Complex
  • Orange Carotenoid Protein
  • Phycobiliprotein
  • Photosynthetic Reaction Centers
  • Phytochrome
  • Rhodopsin
Other
  • Acyl carrier protein
  • Adaptor protein
  • Cholesterylester transfer protein
  • F-box protein
  • GTP-binding protein
  • Latent TGF-beta binding protein
  • Major urinary proteins
  • Membrane transport protein
  • Odorant binding protein
  • v
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  • e
Membrane proteins, carrier proteins: membrane transport proteins solute carrier (TC 2A)
By group
SLC1–10
(1):
  • high affinity glutamate and neutral amino-acid transporter
    • SLC1A1
    • 2
    • 3
    • 4
    • 5
    • 6
    • 7
(2):
  • facilitative GLUT transporter
    • SLC2A1
    • 2
    • 3
    • 4
    • 5
    • 6
    • 7
    • 8
    • 9
    • 10
    • 11
    • 12
    • 13
    • 14
(3):
  • heavy subunits of heterodimeric amino-acid transporters
    • SLC3A1
    • 2
(4):
  • bicarbonate transporter
    • SLC4A1
    • 2
    • 3
    • 4
    • 5
    • 6
    • 7
    • 8
    • 9
    • 10
    • 11
(5):
  • sodium glucose cotransporter
    • SLC5A1
    • 2
    • 3
    • 4
    • 5
    • 6
    • 7
    • 8
    • 9
    • 10
    • 11
    • 12
(6):
  • sodium- and chloride- dependent sodium:neurotransmitter symporters
    • SLC6A1
    • SLC6A2
    • SLC6A3
    • SLC6A4
    • SLC6A5
    • SLC6A6
    • SLC6A7
    • SLC6A8
    • SLC6A9
    • SLC6A10
    • SLC6A11
    • SLC6A12
    • SLC6A13
    • SLC6A14
    • SLC6A15
    • SLC6A16
    • SLC6A17
    • SLC6A18
    • SLC6A19
    • SLC6A20
(7):
  • cationic amino-acid transporter/glycoprotein-associated
    • SLC7A1
    • SLC7A2
    • SLC7A3
    • SLC7A4
  • glycoprotein-associated/light or catalytic subunits of heterodimeric amino-acid transporters
    • SLC7A5
    • SLC7A6
    • SLC7A7
    • SLC7A8
    • SLC7A9
    • SLC7A10
    • SLC7A11
    • SLC7A13
    • SLC7A14
(8):
  • Na+/Ca2+ exchanger
    • SLC8A1
    • SLC8A2
    • SLC8A3
(9):
  • Na+/H+ exchanger
    • SLC9A1
    • SLC9A2
    • SLC9A3
    • SLC9A4
    • SLC9A5
    • SLC9A6
    • SLC9A7
    • SLC9A8
    • SLC9A9
    • SLC9A10
    • SLC9A11
(10):
  • sodium bile salt cotransport
    • SLC10A1
    • SLC10A2
    • SLC10A3
    • SLC10A4
    • SLC10A5
    • SLC10A6
    • SLC10A7
  • 10A1
  • 10A2
  • 10A3
  • 10A7
SLC11–20
(11):
  • proton coupled metal ion transporter
    • SLC11A1
    • SLC11A211A3
(12):
  • electroneutral cation-Cl cotransporter
    • SLC12A1
    • SLC12A2
    • SLC12A3
    • SLC12A4
    • SLC12A5
    • SLC12A6
    • SLC12A7
    • SLC12A8
    • SLC12A9
(13):
  • human Na+-sulfate/carboxylate cotransporter
    • SLC13A1
    • SLC13A2
    • SLC13A3
    • SLC13A4
    • SLC13A5
(14):
  • urea transporter
    • SLC14A1
    • SLC14A2
(15):
  • proton oligopeptide cotransporter
    • SLC15A1
    • SLC15A2
    • SLC15A3
    • SLC15A4
(16):
  • monocarboxylate transporter
    • SLC16A1
    • SLC16A2
    • SLC16A3
    • SLC16A4
    • SLC16A5
    • SLC16A6
    • SLC16A7
    • SLC16A8
    • SLC16A9
    • SLC16A10
    • SLC16A11
    • SLC16A12
    • SLC16A13
    • SLC16A14
(17):
  • Vesicular glutamate transporter 1
    • SLC17A1
    • SLC17A2
    • SLC17A3
    • SLC17A4
    • SLC17A5
    • SLC17A6
    • SLC17A7
    • SLC17A8
    • SLC17A9
(18):
  • vesicular monoamine transporter
    • SLC18A1
    • SLC18A2
    • SLC18A3
(19):
  • folate/thiamine transporter
    • SLC19A1
    • SLC19A2
    • SLC19A3
(20):
  • type III Na+-phosphate cotransporter
    • SLC20A1
    • SLC20A2
SLC21–30
(21):
  • Organic anion-transporting polypeptide
    • SLCO1A2
    • SLCO1B1
    • SLCO1B3
    • SLCO1B4
    • SLCO1C1
    • SLCO2A1
    • SLCO2B1
    • SLCO3A1
    • SLCO4A1
    • SLCO4C1
    • SLCO5A1(SLCO6A1)
(22):
  • organic cation/anion/zwitterion transporter
    • SLC22A1
    • SLC22A2
    • SLC22A3
    • SLC22A4
    • SLC22A5
    • SLC22A6
    • SLC22A7
    • SLC22A8
    • SLC22A9
    • SLC22A10
    • SLC22A11
    • SLC22A12
    • SLC22A13
    • SLC22A14
    • SLC22A15
    • SLC22A16
    • SLC22A17
    • SLC22A18
    • SLC22A19
    • SLC22A20
(23):
  • Na+-dependent ascorbic acid transporter
    • SLC23A1
    • SLC23A2
    • SLC23A3
    • SLC23A4
(24):
  • Na+/(Ca2+-K+) exchanger
    • SLC24A1
    • SLC24A2
    • SLC24A3
    • SLC24A4
    • SLC24A5
    • SLC24A6
(25):
  • mitochondrial carrier
    • SLC25A1
    • SLC25A2
    • SLC25A3
    • SLC25A4
    • SLC25A5
    • SLC25A6
    • SLC25A7
    • SLC25A8
    • SLC25A9
    • SLC25A10
    • SLC25A11
    • SLC25A12
    • SLC25A13
    • SLC25A14
    • SLC25A15
    • SLC25A16
    • SLC25A17
    • SLC25A18
    • SLC25A19
    • SLC25A20
    • SLC25A21
    • SLC25A22
    • SLC25A23
    • SLC25A24
    • SLC25A25
    • SLC25A26
    • SLC25A27
    • SLC25A28
    • SLC25A29
    • SLC25A30
    • SLC25A31
    • SLC25A32
    • SLC25A33
    • SLC25A34
    • SLC25A35
    • SLC25A36
    • SLC25A37
    • SLC25A38
    • SLC25A39
    • SLC25A40
    • SLC25A41
    • SLC25A42
    • SLC25A43
    • SLC25A44
    • SLC25A45
    • SLC25A46
(26):
  • multifunctional anion exchanger
    • SLC26A1
    • SLC26A2
    • SLC26A3
    • SLC26A4
    • SLC26A5
    • SLC26A6
    • SLC26A7
    • SLC26A8
    • SLC26A9
    • SLC26A10
    • SLC26A11
(27):
  • fatty acid transport proteins
    • SLC27A1
    • SLC27A2
    • SLC27A3
    • SLC27A4
    • SLC27A5
    • SLC27A6
(28):
  • Na+-coupled nucleoside transport (SLC28A1
    • SLC28A2
    • SLC28A3
(29):
  • facilitative nucleoside transporter
    • SLC29A1
    • SLC29A2
    • SLC29A3
    • SLC29A4
(30):
  • zinc efflux
    • SLC30A1
    • SLC30A2
    • SLC30A3
    • SLC30A4
    • SLC30A5
    • SLC30A6
    • SLC30A7
    • SLC30A8
    • SLC30A9
    • SLC30A10
SLC31–40
(31):
  • copper transporter
    • SLC31A1
(32):
  • Vesicular glutamate transporter 1
    • SLC32A1
(33):
  • Acetyl-CoA transporter
    • SLC33A1
(34):
  • type II Na+-phosphate cotransporter
    • SLC34A1
    • SLC34A2
    • SLC34A3
(35):
  • nucleoside-sugar transporter
    • SLC35A1
    • SLC35A2
    • SLC35A3
    • SLC35A4
    • SLC35A5
    • SLC35B1
    • SLC35B2
    • SLC35B3
    • SLC35B4
    • SLC35C1
    • SLC35C2
    • SLC35D1
    • SLC35D2
    • SLC35D3
    • SLC35E1
    • SLC35E2
    • SLC35E3
    • SLC35E4
(36):
  • proton-coupled amino-acid transporter
    • SLC36A1
    • SLC36A2
    • SLC36A3
    • SLC36A436A2
(37):
  • sugar-phosphate/phosphate exchanger
    • SLC37A1
    • SLC37A2
    • SLC37A3
    • SLC37A4
(38):
  • System A & N, sodium-coupled neutral amino-acid transporter
    • SLC38A1
    • SLC38A2
    • SLC38A3
    • SLC38A4
    • SLC38A5
    • SLC38A6
    • SLC38A10
(39):
  • metal ion transporter
    • SLC39A1
    • SLC39A2
    • SLC39A3
    • SLC39A4
    • SLC39A5
    • SLC39A6
    • SLC39A7
    • SLC39A8
    • SLC39A9
    • SLC39A10
    • SLC39A11
    • SLC39A12
    • SLC39A13
    • SLC39A14
(40):
  • basolateral iron transporter
    • SLC40A1
SLC41–48
(41):
  • Magnesium transporter E
    • SLC41A1
    • SLC41A2
    • SLC41A3
(42):
  • Ammonia transporter
    • RhAG
    • RhBG
    • RhCG
(43):
  • Na+-independent, system-L like amino-acid transporter
    • SLC43A1
    • SLC43A2
    • SLC43A3
(44):
  • Choline-like transporter
    • SLC44A1
    • SLC44A2
    • SLC44A3
    • SLC44A4
    • SLC44A5
(45):
  • Putative sugar transporter
    • SLC45A1
    • SLC45A2
    • SLC54A3
    • SLC45A4
(46):
  • Folate transporter
    • SLC46A1
    • SLC46A2
(47):
  • multidrug and toxin extrusion
    • SLC47A1
    • SLC47A2
(48):
  • Heme transporter
SLCO1–4
  • O1A2
  • O1B1
  • O1B3
  • O2B1
  • O431
  • O4A1
Ion pumps
Symporter, Cotransporter
  • Na+/K+,Cl−
  • Na+/Pi3
  • Na+/Cl−
  • Na+/glucose
  • Na+/I−
  • Cl−/K+
    • 4
    • 5
Antiporter (exchanger)
  • Na+/H+
  • Na+/Ca2+
    • Na+/(Ca2+-K+) - Cl−/HCO−
      3
      (Band 3)
  • Cl−-formate
  • Cl−-oxalate
see also solute carrier disorders
  • v
  • t
  • e
Membrane transport protein: ion channels (TC 1A)
Ca2+: Calcium channel
Ligand-gated
  • Inositol trisphosphate receptor
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3
  • Ryanodine receptor
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3
Voltage-gated
  • L-type/Cavα
    • 1.1
    • 1.2
    • 1.3
    • 1.4
  • N-type/Cavα2.2
  • P-type/Cavα
    • 2.1
  • Q-type/Cavα2.1
  • R-type/Cavα2.3
  • T-type/Cavα
    • 3.1
    • 3.2
    • 3.3
  • α2δ-subunits
    • 1
    • 2
  • β-subunits
    • β1
    • β2
    • β3
    • β4
  • γ-subunits
    • γ1
    • γ2
    • γ3
    • γ4
  • Cation channels of sperm
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3
    • 4
  • Two-pore channel
    • 1
    • 2
Na+: Sodium channel
Constitutively active
  • Epithelial sodium channel
    • α
    • β
    • γ
    • δ
Proton-gated
  • Amiloride-sensitive cation channel
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3
    • 4
Voltage-gated
  • Navα
    • 1.1
    • 1.2
    • 1.3
    • 1.4
    • 1.5
    • 1.6
    • 1.7
    • 1.8
    • 1.9
    • 7A
  • Navβ
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3
    • 4
K+: Potassium channel
Calcium-activated
  • BK channel
    • α1
    • β1
    • β2
    • β3
    • β4
  • SK channel
    • SK1
    • SK2
    • SK3
  • IK channel
    • IK1
  • KCa
    • 1.1
    • 2.1
    • 2.2
    • 2.3
    • 3.1
    • 4.1
    • 4.2
    • 5.1
Inward-rectifier
  • KATP
  • Kir
    • 1.1
    • 2.1
    • 2.2
    • 2.3
    • 2.4
    • 2.6
  • GIRK/Kir
    • 3.1
    • 3.2
    • 3.3
    • 3.4
  • Kir
    • 4.1
    • 4.2
    • 5.1
    • 6.1
    • 6.2
    • 7.1
Tandem pore domain
  • K2P
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3
    • 4
    • 5
    • 6
    • 7
    • 9
    • 10
    • 12
    • 13
    • 15
    • 16
    • 17
    • 18
Voltage-gated
  • Kvα1-6
    • 1.1
    • 1.2
    • 1.3
    • 1.4
    • 1.5
    • 1.6
    • 1.7
    • 1.8
    • 2.1
    • 2.2
    • 3.1
    • 3.2
    • 3.3
    • 3.4
    • 4.1
    • 4.2
    • 4.3
    • 5.1
    • 6.1
    • 6.2
    • 6.3
    • 6.4
  • Kvα7-12
    • 7.1
    • 7.2
    • 7.3
    • 7.4
    • 7.5
    • 8.1
    • 8.2
    • 9.1
    • 9.2
    • 9.3
    • 10.1
    • 10.2
    • 11.1/hERG
    • 11.2
    • 11.3
    • 12.1
    • 12.2
    • 12.3
  • Kvβ
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3
  • KCNIP
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3
    • 4
  • minK/ISK
  • minK/ISK-like
  • MiRP
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3
  • Shaker (gene)
Miscellaneous
Cl−: Chloride channel
  • Calcium-activated chloride channels
    • Anoctamin
      • ANO1
    • Bestrophin
      • 1
      • 2
    • Chloride Channel Accessory
      • 1
      • 2
      • 3
      • 4
  • CFTR
  • CLCN
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3
    • 4
    • 5
    • 6
    • 7
    • KA
    • KB
  • CLIC
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3
    • 4
    • 5
    • 6
    • L1
  • CLNS
    • 1A
    • 1B
H+: Proton channel
  • HVCN1
M+: CNG cation channel
  • α
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3
    • 4
  • β
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3
  • HCN
    • FC
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3
    • 4
M+: TRP cation channel
  • TRPA (1)
  • TRPC
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3
    • 4
    • 4AP
    • 5
    • 6
    • 7
  • TRPM
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3
    • 4
    • 5
    • 6
    • 7
    • 8
  • TRPML
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3
  • TRPN
  • TRPP
    • 1
    • 2
  • TRPV
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3
    • 4
    • 5
    • 6
H2O (+ solutes): Porin
  • Aquaporin
    • 0
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3
    • 4
    • 5
    • 6
    • 7
    • 8
    • 9
  • Voltage-dependent anion channel
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3
  • General bacterial porin family
Cytoplasm: Gap junction
  • Connexin
    • A
      • GJA1
      • GJA3
      • GJA4
      • GJA5
      • GJA8
      • GJA9
      • GJA10
    • B
      • GJB1
      • GJB2
      • GJB3
      • GJB4
      • GJB5
      • GJB6
      • GJB7
    • C
      • GJC1
      • GJC2
      • GJC3
    • D
      • GJD2
      • GJD3
      • GJD4
  • Innexin
By gating mechanism
Ion channel class
  • Ligand-gated
  • Light-gated
  • Voltage-gated
  • Stretch-activated
see also disorders
  • v
  • t
  • e
Membrane transport protein: neurotransmitter transporters (TC 2.A.1.2)
Vesicular
  • Vesicular monoamine
    • VMAT1
    • VMAT2
  • Vesicular acetylcholine
  • Vesicular glutamate
  • Vesicular GABA
Other
  • Monoamine
    • DAT
    • NET
    • SERT
    • PMAT
  • Excitatory amino-acid transporter
  • GABA transporter


Stub icon

This membrane protein–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by adding missing information.

  • v
  • t
  • e
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chloride_potassium_symporter&oldid=1326876600"
Categories:
  • Transport proteins
  • Transmembrane transporters
  • Solute carrier family
  • Membrane protein stubs
Hidden categories:
  • Articles with short description
  • Short description is different from Wikidata
  • All stub articles

  • indonesia
  • Polski
  • العربية
  • Deutsch
  • English
  • Español
  • Français
  • Italiano
  • مصرى
  • Nederlands
  • 日本語
  • Português
  • Sinugboanong Binisaya
  • Svenska
  • Українська
  • Tiếng Việt
  • Winaray
  • 中文
  • Русский
Sunting pranala
url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url url 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